Biomaterial Database

The antinociceptive effect of intrathecal escin in the rat formalin test. 2012

Qiang Li, and Handong Ouyang, and Peizong Wang, and Weian Zeng

Department of Anaesthesiology, Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.

This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal escin and examined its effect on the formalin-induced activation of c-Fos and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) in the rat spinal cord. Rats were chronically implanted with lumbar intrathecal catheters, and the ability of intrathecal escin to alter nociceptive behaviours in the rat formalin test was examined. The expression of c-Fos and p-p38 MAPK in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was detected in the control and escin (40μg) groups using immunohistochemical techniques. Intrathecal escin produced a dose-dependent reduction in formalin-evoked flinching behaviour in rats during the second phase; however, no effect was observed in the first phase. In addition, immunohistochemical experiments showed that the expression of c-Fos and p-p38 MAPK in the spinal cord dorsal horn increased after an injection of formalin into the paw. Interestingly, the 40μg dose of intrathecal escin, which was the larger of the two doses that blocked formalin-induced hyperalgaesia, attenuated the formalin-induced increases in c-Fos and p-p38 MAPK in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The decrease in pain-related behaviours and c-Fos expression indicated that escin produced antinociceptive effects in the rat formalin test. Although the specific mechanisms of these effects were not investigated, the reduction in p-p38 MAPK in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord may be involved.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007278	Injections, Spinal	Introduction of therapeutic agents into the spinal region using a needle and syringe.	Injections, Intraspinal,Injections, Intrathecal,Intraspinal Injections,Intrathecal Injections,Spinal Injections,Injection, Intraspinal,Injection, Intrathecal,Injection, Spinal,Intraspinal Injection,Intrathecal Injection,Spinal Injection
D008297	Male		Males
D010147	Pain Measurement	Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.	Analgesia Tests,Analogue Pain Scale,Formalin Test,McGill Pain Questionnaire,Nociception Tests,Pain Assessment,Pain Intensity,Pain Severity,Tourniquet Pain Test,Visual Analogue Pain Scale,Analog Pain Scale,Assessment, Pain,McGill Pain Scale,Visual Analog Pain Scale,Analgesia Test,Analog Pain Scales,Analogue Pain Scales,Formalin Tests,Intensity, Pain,Measurement, Pain,Nociception Test,Pain Assessments,Pain Intensities,Pain Measurements,Pain Questionnaire, McGill,Pain Scale, Analog,Pain Scale, Analogue,Pain Scale, McGill,Pain Severities,Pain Test, Tourniquet,Questionnaire, McGill Pain,Scale, Analog Pain,Scale, Analogue Pain,Scale, McGill Pain,Severity, Pain,Test, Analgesia,Test, Formalin,Test, Nociception,Test, Tourniquet Pain,Tests, Nociception,Tourniquet Pain Tests
D010750	Phosphoproteins		Phosphoprotein
D004789	Enzyme Activation	Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.	Activation, Enzyme,Activations, Enzyme,Enzyme Activations
D004928	Escin	Pentacyclic triterpene saponins, biosynthesized from protoaescigenin and barringtogenol, occurring in the seeds of AESCULUS. It inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular fragility.	Aescin,Aescusan,Escina,Eskuzan,Fepalitan,Feparil,Flebostasin,Opino,Reparil,beta-Aescin,beta-Escin,opino-biomo,beta Aescin,beta Escin,opino biomo,opinobiomo
D000700	Analgesics	Compounds capable of relieving pain without the loss of CONSCIOUSNESS.	Analgesic,Anodynes,Antinociceptive Agents,Analgesic Agents,Analgesic Drugs,Agents, Analgesic,Agents, Antinociceptive,Drugs, Analgesic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013116	Spinal Cord	A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER.	Coccygeal Cord,Conus Medullaris,Conus Terminalis,Lumbar Cord,Medulla Spinalis,Myelon,Sacral Cord,Thoracic Cord,Coccygeal Cords,Conus Medullari,Conus Terminali,Cord, Coccygeal,Cord, Lumbar,Cord, Sacral,Cord, Spinal,Cord, Thoracic,Cords, Coccygeal,Cords, Lumbar,Cords, Sacral,Cords, Spinal,Cords, Thoracic,Lumbar Cords,Medulla Spinali,Medullari, Conus,Medullaris, Conus,Myelons,Sacral Cords,Spinal Cords,Spinali, Medulla,Spinalis, Medulla,Terminali, Conus,Terminalis, Conus,Thoracic Cords
D015971	Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in enzyme synthesis.	Enzymologic Gene Expression Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression, Enzymologic,Regulation, Gene Expression, Enzymologic