Experimental parameter estimation of a visuo-vestibular interaction model in humans. 2011

Jean Laurens, and Yulia Valko, and Dominik Straumann
Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Visuo-vestibular interactions in monkeys can be accurately modelled using the classical Raphan and Cohen's model. This model is composed of direct vestibular and visual contributions to the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and of a velocity storage. We applied this model to humans and estimated its parameters in a series of experiments: yaw rotations at moderate (60°/s) and high velocities (240°/s), suppression of the VOR by a head-fixed wide-field visual stimulus, and optokinetic stimulation with measurements of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN). We found the velocity storage time constant to be 13 s, which decreased to 8 s during visual suppression. OKAN initial velocity was 12% of the OKN stimulus velocity. The gain of the direct visual pathway was 0.75 during both visual suppression and OKN; however, the visual input to the velocity storage was higher during visual suppression than during OKN. We could not estimate the time constant of the semicircular canals accurately. Finally, we inferred from high-velocity rotations that the velocity storage saturates around 20-30°/s. Our results indicate that the dynamics of visuo-vestibular interactions in humans is similar as in monkeys. The central integration of visual cues, however, is weaker in humans.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D008962 Models, Theoretical Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of systems, processes, or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Experimental Model,Experimental Models,Mathematical Model,Model, Experimental,Models (Theoretical),Models, Experimental,Models, Theoretic,Theoretical Study,Mathematical Models,Model (Theoretical),Model, Mathematical,Model, Theoretical,Models, Mathematical,Studies, Theoretical,Study, Theoretical,Theoretical Model,Theoretical Models,Theoretical Studies
D009760 Nystagmus, Physiologic Involuntary rhythmical movements of the eyes in the normal person. These can be naturally occurring as in end-position (end-point, end-stage, or deviational) nystagmus or induced by the optokinetic drum (NYSTAGMUS, OPTOKINETIC), caloric test, or a rotating chair. Nystagmus, Barany,Nystagmus, Caloric,Nystagmus, End-Position,Nystagmus, Positional,Nystagmus, Post-Rotatory,Nystagmus, Thermal,Nystagmus, Barany's,Nystagmus, Physiological,Physiologic Nystagmus,Barany Nystagmus,Barany's Nystagmus,Caloric Nystagmus,End-Position Nystagmus,Nystagmus, Baranys,Nystagmus, End Position,Nystagmus, Post Rotatory,Physiological Nystagmus,Positional Nystagmus,Post-Rotatory Nystagmus,Thermal Nystagmus
D010775 Photic Stimulation Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity. Stimulation, Photic,Visual Stimulation,Photic Stimulations,Stimulation, Visual,Stimulations, Photic,Stimulations, Visual,Visual Stimulations
D012027 Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular A reflex wherein impulses are conveyed from the cupulas of the SEMICIRCULAR CANALS and from the OTOLITHIC MEMBRANE of the SACCULE AND UTRICLE via the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI of the BRAIN STEM and the median longitudinal fasciculus to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE nuclei. It functions to maintain a stable retinal image during head rotation by generating appropriate compensatory EYE MOVEMENTS. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex,Reflex, Vestibuloocular,Reflexes, Vestibo-Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibuloocular,Reflex, Vestibulo Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibo Ocular,Vestibo-Ocular Reflexes,Vestibulo Ocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflexes
D003624 Darkness The absence of light. Darknesses
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006805 Human Experimentation The use of humans as investigational subjects. Human Research Subject Protection,Experimentation, Human
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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