A new fluorescence-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight biogenic monoamines (histamine, methylamine, tyramine, ethylamine, propylamine, tryptamine, 2-phenylethylamine, isoamylamine) and two biogenic diamines (putrescine, cadaverine) in the presence of heptylamine as the internal standard. The amines were pre-column derivatized with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde in the presence of cyanide ion as the nucleophile. The effect of the derivatization reaction conditions on the reaction yield was investigated. The derivatives were separated on an Inertsil ODS-3 column (250 × 4mm i.d., 5 μm) using gradient elution and detected fluorimetrically at excitation and emission wavelengths of 424 and 494 nm, respectively. Limits of detection between 0.002 and 0.4 ng, injected on-column (10-μL loop), were achieved. The within- and between-day relative standard deviations ranged between 0.2-3.4% and 0.3-4.8%, respectively. The utility of the method in assaying biogenic mono- and diamine mixtures in Greek cheeses is demonstrated. Ultrasound-assisted liquid-liquid extraction was applied prior to derivatization.