Biomaterial Database

Auditory temporal integration in the normal-hearing and hearing-impaired cat. 1990

J M Solecki, and G M Gerken

Callier Center for Communication Disorders, University of Texas, Dallas 75235.

Temporal integration functions obtained from human subjects with sensorineural hearing loss have shallower slopes than the functions obtained from normal-hearing subjects. The present investigation was designed to explore this relation in animals in order to compare normal-hearing cats and humans. Auditory temporal integration functions were measured for five cats before and after they were exposed to a 2-kHz tone at 110 dB SPL for 48 h. To measure the temporal integration functions, ten stimuli were used that had overall durations from 8.32 to 275 ms and that were configured either as single or multiple tone bursts of 6.25 kHz. Twelve thresholds for each stimulus were obtained from each animal before and after the sound exposure. Pre- and postexposure audiograms were also obtained and the mean permanent threshold shift at 6.25 kHz was 32.5 dB. Exponential and power function models were used to describe the data. The exponential model (with grand-mean data) yielded a pre-exposure time constant (tau) of 188 ms [mean absolute residual (MAR) of 1.5 dB] and a postexposure tau of 21 ms (MAR of 1.4 dB). For the power function model with grand-mean data, the pre-exposure slope was 6.6 dB per decade of duration (MAR of 1.4 dB) and a postexposure slope of 3.8 dB per decade of duration (MAR of 0.7 dB). The results indicated that the slope of the temporal integration function was less steep after sensorineural hearing loss of cochlear origin, and that the power function model was more effective in describing temporal integration data for the range of stimulus durations employed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008144	Loudness Perception	The perceived attribute of a sound which corresponds to the physical attribute of intensity.	Loudness Perceptions,Perception, Loudness,Perceptions, Loudness
D010897	Pitch Discrimination	The ability to differentiate sound frequency or pitch.	Discrimination, Pitch,Pitch Discriminations
D011571	Psychoacoustics	The science pertaining to the interrelationship of psychologic phenomena and the individual's response to the physical properties of sound.	Psychoacoustic
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D006317	Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced	Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.	Acoustic Trauma,Hearing Loss, Noise Induced,Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
D000159	Vestibulocochlear Nerve	The 8th cranial nerve. The vestibulocochlear nerve has a cochlear part (COCHLEAR NERVE) which is concerned with hearing and a vestibular part (VESTIBULAR NERVE) which mediates the sense of balance and head position. The fibers of the cochlear nerve originate from neurons of the SPIRAL GANGLION and project to the cochlear nuclei (COCHLEAR NUCLEUS). The fibers of the vestibular nerve arise from neurons of Scarpa's ganglion and project to the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI.	Cranial Nerve VIII,Eighth Cranial Nerve,Cochleovestibular Nerve,Statoacoustic Nerve,Cochleovestibular Nerves,Cranial Nerve VIIIs,Cranial Nerve, Eighth,Cranial Nerves, Eighth,Eighth Cranial Nerves,Nerve VIIIs, Cranial,Nerve, Cochleovestibular,Nerve, Eighth Cranial,Nerve, Statoacoustic,Nerve, Vestibulocochlear,Nerves, Cochleovestibular,Nerves, Eighth Cranial,Nerves, Statoacoustic,Nerves, Vestibulocochlear,Statoacoustic Nerves,VIIIs, Cranial Nerve,Vestibulocochlear Nerves
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001288	Attention	Focusing on certain aspects of current experience to the exclusion of others. It is the act of heeding or taking notice or concentrating.	Focus of Attention,Selective Attention,Social Attention,Attention Focus,Attention, Selective,Attention, Social,Selective Attentions
D001301	Audiometry, Pure-Tone	Measurement of hearing based on the use of pure tones of various frequencies and intensities as auditory stimuli.	Audiometry, Bekesy,Audiometry, Pure Tone,Bekesy Audiometry,Pure-Tone Audiometry
D001309	Auditory Threshold	The audibility limit of discriminating sound intensity and pitch.	Auditory Thresholds,Threshold, Auditory,Thresholds, Auditory