Biomaterial Database

2-Ethylhexyl tetrabromobenzoate and bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate flame retardants in the Great Lakes atmosphere. 2012

Yuning Ma, and Marta Venier, and Ronald A Hites

School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.

Two relatively new flame retardants, 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), were identified and quantitated in gas and particle-phase air samples collected from six sites near the shores of the Great Lakes. TBB and TBPH were detected in more than half of the samples collected from 2008 to 2010. Urban areas, such as Chicago and Cleveland, showed the highest concentrations (0.36-290 pg/m(3)), while remote areas, such as Eagle Harbor and Sleeping Bear Dunes, exhibited the lowest levels (0.050-32 pg/m(3)). The atmospheric concentrations of TBB and TBPH increased rapidly and significantly over this time period, perhaps indicating that these compounds are replacing the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which have been removed or soon will be removed from the marketplace.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010795	Phthalic Acids	A group of compounds that has the general structure of a dicarboxylic acid-substituted benzene ring. The ortho-isomer is used in dye manufacture. (Dorland, 28th ed)	Acids, Phthalic
D001970	Bromobenzoates	Benzoic acid or benzoic acid esters substituted with one or more bromine atoms.	Bromobenzoic Acids,Acids, Bromobenzoic
D004784	Environmental Monitoring	The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.	Monitoring, Environmental,Environmental Surveillance,Surveillance, Environmental
D005411	Flame Retardants	Materials applied to fabrics, bedding, furniture, plastics, etc. to retard their burning; many may leach out and cause allergies or other harm.	Fire Retardant,Fire Retardants,Fireproofing Agent,Fireproofing Agents,Flame Retardant,Agent, Fireproofing,Agents, Fireproofing,Retardant, Fire,Retardant, Flame,Retardants, Fire,Retardants, Flame
D006114	Great Lakes Region	The geographic area of the Great Lakes in general and when the specific state or states are not indicated. It usually includes Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
D001272	Atmosphere	The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)	Atmospheres
D013058	Mass Spectrometry	An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.	Mass Spectroscopy,Spectrometry, Mass,Spectroscopy, Mass,Spectrum Analysis, Mass,Analysis, Mass Spectrum,Mass Spectrum Analysis,Analyses, Mass Spectrum,Mass Spectrum Analyses,Spectrum Analyses, Mass
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D055768	Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers	Compounds that contain two halogenated benzene rings linked via an OXYGEN atom. Many polybrominated diphenyl ethers are used as FLAME RETARDANTS.	Brominated Diphenyl Ethers,Chlorinated Diphenyl Ethers,Fluorinated Diphenyl Ethers,Iodinated Diphenyl Ethers,PBDE Compounds,PBDEs,PCDE Compounds,PCDEs,Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers,Diphenyl Ethers, Brominated,Diphenyl Ethers, Chlorinated,Diphenyl Ethers, Fluorinated,Diphenyl Ethers, Halogenated,Diphenyl Ethers, Iodinated,Diphenyl Ethers, Polybrominated,Ethers, Brominated Diphenyl,Ethers, Chlorinated Diphenyl,Ethers, Fluorinated Diphenyl,Ethers, Halogenated Diphenyl,Ethers, Iodinated Diphenyl,Ethers, Polybrominated Diphenyl