Biomaterial Database

Some historical and methodological developments in early clinical trials at the National Institutes of Health. 1990

S W Greenhouse

George Washington University, Silver Spring, MD 20902.

This paper reviews five randomized clinical trials with unusual design or analysis features from institutes other than the National Cancer Institute or the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. These are: a Cooperative Study of Retrolental Fibroplasia sponsored by the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness; the Diabetic Retinopathy Study sponsored by the National Eye Institute; the University Group Diabetes Program sponsored by the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases; a Clinical Trial of the Extracranial to Intracranial Arterial Anastomosis (EC/IC bypass) by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke; and the Clinical Trial of Hereditary Angioedema by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D009316	National Institutes of Health (U.S.)	An operating division of the US Department of Health and Human Services. It is concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to health and medical research.	United States National Institutes of Health,National Institutes of Health
D002536	Cerebral Arteries	The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.	Arteries, Cerebral,Artery, Cerebral,Cerebral Artery
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D003920	Diabetes Mellitus	A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000714	Anastomosis, Surgical	Surgical union or shunt between ducts, tubes or vessels. It may be end-to-end, end-to-side, side-to-end, or side-to-side.	Surgical Anastomosis,Anastomoses, Surgical,Surgical Anastomoses
D000799	Angioedema	Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.	Quincke's Edema,Urticaria, Giant,Angioneurotic Edema,Angioedemas,Angioneurotic Edemas,Edema, Angioneurotic,Edema, Quincke's,Edemas, Angioneurotic,Giant Urticaria,Giant Urticarias,Quincke Edema,Quinckes Edema,Urticarias, Giant
D012178	Retinopathy of Prematurity	A bilateral retinopathy occurring in premature infants treated with excessively high concentrations of oxygen, characterized by vascular dilatation, proliferation, and tortuosity, edema, and retinal detachment, with ultimate conversion of the retina into a fibrous mass that can be seen as a dense retrolental membrane. Usually growth of the eye is arrested and may result in microophthalmia, and blindness may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)	Retrolental Fibroplasia,Fibroplasia, Retrolental,Fibroplasias, Retrolental,Prematurity Retinopathies,Prematurity Retinopathy,Retrolental Fibroplasias
D013699	Temporal Arteries	Arteries arising from the external carotid or the maxillary artery and distributing to the temporal region.	Arteries, Temporal,Artery, Temporal,Temporal Artery