Intravenous Lacosamide in refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus. 2012

L Mnatsakanyan, and J M Chung, and E I Tsimerinov, and D S Eliashiv
Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States. mnatsakl@uci.edu

BACKGROUND Many patients present with refractory Status epilepticus (SE) despite multiple anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). Lacosamide (LCM) was recently approved as an adjunct AED for partial-onset seizures. It has unique mechanism of modulating voltage-gated sodium channels by enhancing their slow inactivation. LCM has demonstrated efficacy in animal models of pharmacoresistant seizures. To date, there are isolated anecdotal reports of LCM use in SE. OBJECTIVE To report a single center experience with IV Lacosamide in patients with NCSE. METHODS Pharmacy records were reviewed to identify patients with SE who received IV LCM in our institution. Data on demographics, response to therapy and adverse effects/outcomes were analyzed. All patients had continuous EEG monitoring. RESULTS 10 patients (4 men, 6 women), age 16-90 years with refractory SE were given LCM. Eight patients were in focal non-convulsive SE (NCSE), 2 were in generalized non-convulsive SE. The etiologies included anoxic brain injury, idiopathic, encephalitis, tumor, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), stroke, and AVM. IV LCM was added after traditional AEDs, including drug-induced coma in some, failed to control the SE. NCSE resolved in 7/10 patients whereas 1/10 patient showed partial response with cessation of NCSE but still frequent electrographic seizures and 2/10 patients were resistant to therapy. CONCLUSIONS LCM is a useful adjunct in refractory NCSE. The IV formulation allows prompt administration in the intensive care unit setting. Response was seen especially in focal SE. Similar to other AEDs, response was poor in patients with postanoxic injury. Our data is limited by the small number of patients. Larger controlled studies are necessary to assess accurately the efficacy of IV LCM as an early treatment of SE.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007262 Infusions, Intravenous The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it. Drip Infusions,Intravenous Drip,Intravenous Infusions,Drip Infusion,Drip, Intravenous,Infusion, Drip,Infusion, Intravenous,Infusions, Drip,Intravenous Infusion
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000078334 Lacosamide An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES. N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide,N-benzyl-AcMeOPrNH2,Vimpat,N benzyl 2 acetamido 3 methoxypropionamide,N benzyl AcMeOPrNH2
D000081 Acetamides Derivatives of acetamide that are used as solvents, as mild irritants, and in organic synthesis.
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly

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