Biomaterial Database

Separation of initiating and promoting effects of the skin carcinogen 7-bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene. 1980

N K Scribner, and J D Scribner

Pacific Northwest Research Foundation, 1124 Columbia Street, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.

Dibenz(a,c)anthracene and 7-bromomethylbenz(a)-anthracene are hydrocarbons with comparable tumor initiating potencies, although they differ about 100-fold in the amount of hydrocarbon bound to mouse skin DNA. We have found that they are comparably mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA 100, but that 7-bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene is additionally mutagenic in strains TA 1538 and TA 98. The bromo-compound is also a powerful promoter of tumors initiated in mouse skin with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, whereas dibenz-(a,c)anthracene is inactive as a promoter. Accordingly, 7-bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene is an effective complete carcinogen in mouse skin, while dibenz(a,c)anthracene is not. These results suggest that certain types of chemical damage are far more effective than others for initiation, but that extensive non-initiating damage may be effective for promotion. This has previously been proposed for different alkylating agents, which differ in their abilities to attack DNA and protein, but has not been demonstrated in a single compound. 7-Bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene is found in this experiment to be the most powerful skin tumor promoter known outside of the phorbol ester series. It may be concluded from these results and others that total binding of carcinogen to DNA is not quantitatively related to mutagenic events or tumor initiation, but may be an index of overall risk of tumor development.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010212	Papilloma	A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)	Papilloma, Squamous Cell,Papillomatosis,Papillomas,Papillomas, Squamous Cell,Papillomatoses,Squamous Cell Papilloma,Squamous Cell Papillomas
D002273	Carcinogens	Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.	Carcinogen,Oncogen,Oncogens,Tumor Initiator,Tumor Initiators,Tumor Promoter,Tumor Promoters,Initiator, Tumor,Initiators, Tumor,Promoter, Tumor,Promoters, Tumor
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001551	Benz(a)Anthracenes	Four fused benzyl rings with three linear and one angular, that can be viewed as a benzyl-phenanthrenes. Compare with NAPHTHACENES which are four linear rings.	Benz(b)Phenanthrenes,Naphthanthracenes
D012878	Skin Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	Cancer of Skin,Skin Cancer,Cancer of the Skin,Neoplasms, Skin,Cancer, Skin,Cancers, Skin,Neoplasm, Skin,Skin Cancers,Skin Neoplasm
D015127	9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.	7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene,7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene,7,12 Dimethylbenzanthracene
D015996	Survival Rate	The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.	Cumulative Survival Rate,Mean Survival Time,Cumulative Survival Rates,Mean Survival Times,Rate, Cumulative Survival,Rate, Survival,Rates, Cumulative Survival,Rates, Survival,Survival Rate, Cumulative,Survival Rates,Survival Rates, Cumulative,Survival Time, Mean,Survival Times, Mean,Time, Mean Survival,Times, Mean Survival
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D018632	Mice, Inbred SENCAR	Mice selectively bred for hypersusceptibility to two-stage chemical skin carcinogenesis. They are also hypersusceptible to UV radiation tumorigenesis with single high-dose, but not chronic low-dose, exposures. SENCAR (SENsitive to CARcinogenesis) mice are used in research as an animal model for tumor production.	Mice, SENCAR,Mouse, Inbred SENCAR,Mouse, SENCAR,Inbred SENCAR Mice,Inbred SENCAR Mouse,SENCAR Mice,SENCAR Mice, Inbred,SENCAR Mouse,SENCAR Mouse, Inbred