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We examined the possibility that nitric oxide is one of the epithelium-derived relaxing factors in guinea pig airways. First we studied whether nitric oxide could relax isolated tracheal strips, and then we examined the effects of known inhibitors of endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in the vascular system [hemoglobin, methylene blue, and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA)] on epithelium-dependent relaxation (EpDR) induced by hyperosmotic stimuli in perfused whole tracheal preparations. Mannitol (160 mM in Krebs-Henseleit solution) applied to the epithelial surface was used as an osmotic stimulus to induce EpDR after carbachol-induced contraction (2 microM, serosal side). Nitric oxide produced concentration-dependent and complete relaxation of epithelium-denuded tracheal strips. Preincubation of the whole trachea with hemoglobin significantly inhibited osmotic-induced EpDR (P less than 0.05), but preincubation with methylene blue and L-NMMA did not. Hemoglobin introduced into the epithelial side after EpDR induced by hyperosmotic stimuli reversed relaxation, but methylene blue and L-NMMA did not. These results suggest that, although EpDR and vascular EDR have some pharmacological similarities and nitric oxide can relax airway smooth muscle, nitric oxide is not responsible for osmotic-induced EpDR.
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
February 1988,
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
October 1992,
Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
April 1995,
Sheng li ke xue jin zhan [Progress in physiology],
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
November 1997,
Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
July 2013,
Circulation research,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
December 1988,
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
July 1992,
Casopis lekaru ceskych,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
January 1990,
Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
December 1990,
Biochemical Society transactions,
M Munakata, and
Y Masaki, and
I Sakuma, and
H Ukita, and
Y Otsuka, and
Y Homma, and
Y Kawakami
June 1993,
Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology,
