Biomaterial Database

Crystal structure of LeuD from Methanococcus jannaschii. 2012

Eun Hye Lee, and Yong Wook Cho, and Kwang Yeon Hwang

Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.

3-Isopropylmalate/citramalate (IPM) isomerase catalyzes the second step in the leucine biosynthesis pathway. IPM isomerase from Methanococcus jannaschii is a complex protein consisting of a large (MjLeuC) and a small subunit (MjLeuD). It has broad substrate specificity, unlike other bacterial IPM isomerases. In order to understand the reasons for this broad substrate specificity, we determined the crystal structure of MjLeuD at a resolution of 2.0 Å. The asymmetric unit contained 6 molecules of LeuD, including three homodimers. The overall structure had a β/β/α sandwich-fold consisting of 8 α-helices and 7 β-strands. The C-terminal helix, which is important in homodimer formation, showed conformational differences between two homodimer forms of MjLeuD. In addition, we identified a hydrophobic residue (Val28) near the substrate recognition region that may explain the broad substrate specificity of IPM isomerase. Therefore, we suggest that LeuD proteins can be divided into 2 subfamilies, LeuD subfamilies 1 and 2, which show differences in overall structure and in the substrate recognition region.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D006836	Hydro-Lyases	Enzymes that catalyze the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond leading to unsaturated products via the removal of water. EC 4.2.1.	Dehydratase,Dehydratases,Hydrase,Hydrases,Hydro Lyase,Hydro-Lyase,Hydro Lyases,Lyase, Hydro,Lyases, Hydro
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D001426	Bacterial Proteins	Proteins found in any species of bacterium.	Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D017017	Methanococcus	A genus of anaerobic coccoid METHANOCOCCACEAE whose organisms are motile by means of polar tufts of flagella. These methanogens are found in salt marshes, marine and estuarine sediments, and the intestinal tract of animals.
D017434	Protein Structure, Tertiary	The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (ALPHA HELICES; BETA SHEETS; loop regions, and AMINO ACID MOTIFS) pack together to form folded shapes. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure.	Tertiary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Tertiary,Tertiary Protein Structures
D018360	Crystallography, X-Ray	The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	X-Ray Crystallography,Crystallography, X Ray,Crystallography, Xray,X Ray Crystallography,Xray Crystallography,Crystallographies, X Ray,X Ray Crystallographies
D020134	Catalytic Domain	The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.	Active Site,Catalytic Core,Catalytic Region,Catalytic Site,Catalytic Subunit,Reactive Site,Active Sites,Catalytic Cores,Catalytic Domains,Catalytic Regions,Catalytic Sites,Catalytic Subunits,Core, Catalytic,Cores, Catalytic,Domain, Catalytic,Domains, Catalytic,Reactive Sites,Region, Catalytic,Regions, Catalytic,Site, Active,Site, Catalytic,Site, Reactive,Sites, Active,Sites, Catalytic,Sites, Reactive,Subunit, Catalytic,Subunits, Catalytic