Biomaterial Database

Volume-sensitive K-Cl cotransport in inside-out vesicles made from erythrocyte membranes from sheep of low-K phenotype. 1990

G R Kracke, and P B Dunham

Department of Biology, Syracuse University, NY 13244-1220.

Unidirectional K ion effluxes were measured from inside-out vesicles prepared from erythrocyte membranes from sheep of the low-K phenotype. Total K efflux was 150 nmol per mg of protein per hr in a Cl medium of 295 mosmol/kg (with the Na/K pump inhibited). Cl-dependent K efflux (determined with methanesulfonate replacing Cl) was 54 nmol/(mg.hr). Cl-dependent K efflux (K-Cl cotransport) increased to 77 nmol/(mg.hr) with osmotic swelling of approximately 30% in 230-mosmol/kg medium and decreased to 13 nmol/(mg.hr) after shrinkage of approximately 60% in 430-mosmol/kg medium. Osmotically induced changes in transport and vesicle volume were reversible. K-Cl cotransport was enhanced by ATP. Nonhydrolyzable ATP analogues failed to substitute for ATP, indicating that phosphorylation is involved. However, in the absence of added ATP there was significant K-Cl cotransport, suggesting that phosphorylation is not essential for function. The results provide clues about the nature of the signals detected by the sensor of cell volume changes and demonstrate that inside-out vesicles from sheep erythrocyte membranes provide an advantageous experimental system for investigation of the volume sensor.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D010641	Phenotype	The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.	Phenotypes
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D002352	Carrier Proteins	Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes.	Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D002712	Chlorides	Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.	Chloride,Chloride Ion Level,Ion Level, Chloride,Level, Chloride Ion
D004910	Erythrocyte Membrane	The semi-permeable outer structure of a red blood cell. It is known as a red cell 'ghost' after HEMOLYSIS.	Erythrocyte Ghost,Red Cell Cytoskeleton,Red Cell Ghost,Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton,Cytoskeleton, Erythrocyte,Cytoskeleton, Red Cell,Erythrocyte Cytoskeletons,Erythrocyte Ghosts,Erythrocyte Membranes,Ghost, Erythrocyte,Ghost, Red Cell,Membrane, Erythrocyte,Red Cell Cytoskeletons,Red Cell Ghosts
D000096922	K Cl- Cotransporters	A subclass of symporters that specifically transport POTASSIUM and CHLORIDE ions across cellular membranes. Potassium chloride cotransporters play roles in regulating cell volume and intracellular chloride concentration.	Electroneutral Potassium-Chloride Co-transporter 3,Electroneutral Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter 3,K Cl- Co-transporters,K(+), Cl(-)-Co-transporters,K(+), Cl(-)-Cotransporters,K-Cl Co-transporter,K-Cl Co-transporter 3,K-Cl Cotransporter,K-Cl Cotransporter 3,KCC2 Co-transporter,KCC2 Cotransporter,KCC3 Co-transporter,KCC3 Cotransporter,KCC4 Co-transporter,KCC4 Cotransporter,Potassium-Chloride Co-transporter 2,Potassium-Chloride Co-transporter 4,Potassium-Chloride Co-transporters,Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter 2,Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter 4,Potassium-Chloride Cotransporters,Potassium-Chloride Symporters,SLC12A5 Protein,SLC12A6 Protein,SLC12A7 Protein,Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 5,Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 6,Solute carrier family 12 member 7,Cl- Co-transporters, K,Co-transporter 2, Potassium-Chloride,Co-transporter 3, K-Cl,Co-transporter 4, Potassium-Chloride,Co-transporter, K-Cl,Co-transporter, KCC2,Co-transporter, KCC3,Co-transporter, KCC4,Co-transporters, K Cl-,Co-transporters, Potassium-Chloride,Cotransporter, K-Cl,Cotransporter, KCC2,Cotransporter, KCC3,Cotransporter, KCC4,Cotransporters, K Cl-,Cotransporters, Potassium-Chloride,Electroneutral Potassium Chloride Co transporter 3,Electroneutral Potassium Chloride Cotransporter 3,K Cl Co transporter,K Cl Co transporter 3,K Cl Co transporters,K Cl Cotransporter,K Cl Cotransporter 3,K Cl Cotransporters,KCC2 Co transporter,KCC3 Co transporter,KCC4 Co transporter,Potassium Chloride Co transporter 2,Potassium Chloride Co transporter 4,Potassium Chloride Co transporters,Potassium Chloride Cotransporter 2,Potassium Chloride Cotransporter 4,Potassium Chloride Cotransporters,Potassium Chloride Symporters,Protein, SLC12A5,Protein, SLC12A6,Protein, SLC12A7
D000255	Adenosine Triphosphate	An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.	ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012756	Sheep	Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.	Ovis,Sheep, Dall,Dall Sheep,Ovis dalli