Contraindications to progestin-only oral contraceptive pills among reproductive-aged women. 2012

Kari White, and Joseph E Potter, and Kristine Hopkins, and Leticia Fernández, and Jon Amastae, and Daniel Grossman
Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

BACKGROUND Progestin-only oral contraceptive pills (POPs) have fewer contraindications to use compared to combined pills. However, the overall prevalence of contraindications to POPs among reproductive-aged women has not been assessed. METHODS We collected information on contraindications to POPs in two studies: (1) the Self-Screening Study, a sample of 1267 reproductive-aged women in the general population in El Paso, TX, and (2) the Prospective Study of OC Users, a sample of current oral contraceptive (OC) users who obtained their pills in El Paso clinics (n=532) or over the counter (OTC) in Mexican pharmacies (n=514). In the Self-Screening Study, we also compared women's self-assessment of contraindications using a checklist to a clinician's evaluation. RESULTS Only 1.6% of women in the Self-Screening Study were identified as having at least one contraindication to POPs. The sensitivity of the checklist for identifying women with at least one contraindication was 75.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 50.6%-90.4%], and the specificity was 99.4% (95% CI: 98.8%-99.7%). In total, 0.6% of women in the Prospective Study of OC Users reported having any contraindication to POPs. There were no significant differences between clinic and OTC users. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of contraindications to POPs was very low in these samples. POPs may be the best choice for the first OTC oral contraceptive in the United States.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008107 Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. Liver Dysfunction,Disease, Liver,Diseases, Liver,Dysfunction, Liver,Dysfunctions, Liver,Liver Disease,Liver Dysfunctions
D008800 Mexico A country in NORTH AMERICA, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, between BELIZE and the UNITED STATES, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and the UNITED STATES.
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011372 Progestins Compounds that interact with PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of PROGESTERONE. Primary actions of progestins, including natural and synthetic steroids, are on the UTERUS and the MAMMARY GLAND in preparation for and in maintenance of PREGNANCY. Gestagenic Agent,Progestagen,Progestagenic Agent,Progestational Agent,Progestational Compound,Progestational Hormone,Progestogen,Progestogens,Gestagen,Gestagen Effect,Gestagen Effects,Gestagenic Agents,Gestagenic Effect,Gestagenic Effects,Gestagens,Progestagenic Agents,Progestagens,Progestational Agents,Progestational Compounds,Progestational Hormones,Progestin,Progestin Effect,Progestin Effects,Progestogen Effect,Progestogen Effects,Agent, Gestagenic,Agent, Progestagenic,Agent, Progestational,Compound, Progestational,Effect, Gestagen,Effect, Gestagenic,Effect, Progestin,Effect, Progestogen,Effects, Gestagen,Effects, Gestagenic,Effects, Progestin,Effects, Progestogen,Hormone, Progestational
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D001943 Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D003278 Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal Oral contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to hormonal preparations. Hormonal Oral Contraceptive,Hormonal Oral Contraceptive Agent,Contraceptive Agents, Estrogen,Contraceptive Agents, Oral, Hormonal,Hormonal Oral Contraceptive Agents,Oral Contraceptive Agents, Hormonal,Oral Contraceptives, Hormonal,Contraceptive, Hormonal Oral,Contraceptives, Hormonal Oral,Estrogen Contraceptive Agents,Hormonal Oral Contraceptives,Oral Contraceptive, Hormonal
D004347 Drug Interactions The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug. Drug Interaction,Interaction, Drug,Interactions, Drug
D004366 Nonprescription Drugs Medicines that can be sold legally without a DRUG PRESCRIPTION. Drugs, Non-Prescription,Non-Prescription Drug,Nonprescription Drug,OTC Drug,OTC Drugs,Over-the-Counter Drug,Over-the-Counter Drugs,Patent Medicine,Patent Medicines,Drugs, Nonprescription,Medicines, Patent,Non-Prescription Drugs,Drug, Non-Prescription,Drug, Nonprescription,Drug, OTC,Drug, Over-the-Counter,Drugs, Non Prescription,Drugs, OTC,Drugs, Over-the-Counter,Medicine, Patent,Non Prescription Drug,Non Prescription Drugs,Over the Counter Drug,Over the Counter Drugs
D005260 Female Females

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