Biomaterial Database

Induction of plasma inhibitors of interleukin 1 and TNF-alpha activity by endotoxin administration to normal humans. 1990

G A Spinas, and D Bloesch, and M T Kaufmann, and U Keller, and J M Dayer

Department of Internal Medicine and Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.

Several naturally occurring inhibitors of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) have been demonstrated both in serum and urine of febrile patients. These factors are considered to be part of a regulatory system counteracting potential deleterious effects of the cytokines. We have assayed plasma samples of volunteers who received a bolus intravenous injection of either 4 ng/kg body wt of Escherichia coli endotoxin (n = 6) or 0.9% saline (n = 4) for the presence of IL-1 and TNF-alpha inhibitory activity. Plasma obtained 3 h after endotoxin injection inhibited IL-1-induced PGE2 release from fibroblasts by 57% (P less than 0.001 vs. baseline and saline controls, respectively). Maximal IL-1 inhibitory capacity coincided with fever and tended to disappear with declining body temperature. Normal plasma was found to inhibit TNF-alpha-induced PGE2 release by 20-35%. This inhibitory effect increased to 50-60% in plasma obtained during endotoxinemia. Maximal TNF-alpha inhibitory capacity became detectable when circulating TNF-alpha levels peaked at 120 min after the injection of endotoxin. Our data demonstrate that both IL-1 and TNF-alpha inhibitory activity can be induced experimentally by intravenous endotoxin administration to humans and that their appearance coincides with fever and circulating TNF-alpha levels.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007375	Interleukin-1	A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.	IL-1,Lymphocyte-Activating Factor,Epidermal Cell Derived Thymocyte-Activating Factor,Interleukin I,Macrophage Cell Factor,T Helper Factor,Epidermal Cell Derived Thymocyte Activating Factor,Interleukin 1,Lymphocyte Activating Factor
D008297	Male		Males
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D001769	Blood	The body fluid that circulates in the vascular system (BLOOD VESSELS). Whole blood includes PLASMA and BLOOD CELLS.
D004731	Endotoxins	Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.	Endotoxin
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D014409	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.	Cachectin,TNF-alpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2,Cachectin-Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF Superfamily, Member 2,TNFalpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor,Cachectin Tumor Necrosis Factor,Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha