Biomaterial Database

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a model for disseminated disease. 1990

G A Sarosi, and P C Johnson

Department of Internal Medicine, Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85010.

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) is a relatively common infectious illness in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. In Houston, Texas, (which is moderately endemic for histoplasmosis) the frequency of PDH is 5% among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), almost as high as that of those with cryptoccal disease. In highly endemic areas, the frequency of PDH in AIDS is even greater, up to 75% in some areas. It is likely that as the HIV epidemic continues to penetrate to more remote, highly endemic areas, more and more cases of PDH will occur. It is also clear that PDH may develop in HIV-infected patients who presently live in nonendemic areas, but who previously resided in endemic areas. It is important that all physicians who care for HIV-infected patients become thoroughly familiar with the clinical manifestation of this illness. Timely diagnosis depends on a high degree of diagnostic suspicion since the illness seldom presents with primary respiratory symptoms. It is prudent to consider PDH in the differential diagnosis of any systemic, wasting, febrile illness in HIV-infected individuals, especially if currently or in the past they have resided in areas endemic for the fungus. Similarly, whenever PDH is diagnosed in any patient who is in a high-risk group for HIV infection, prompt testing for HIV should be performed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008172	Lung Diseases, Fungal	Pulmonary diseases caused by fungal infections, usually through hematogenous spread.	Fungal Lung Diseases,Pulmonary Fungal Infections,Pulmonary Fungal Diseases,Fungal Disease, Pulmonary,Fungal Diseases, Pulmonary,Fungal Infection, Pulmonary,Fungal Infections, Pulmonary,Fungal Lung Disease,Lung Disease, Fungal,Pulmonary Fungal Disease,Pulmonary Fungal Infection
D009894	Opportunistic Infections	An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.	Infection, Opportunistic,Infections, Opportunistic,Opportunistic Infection
D006660	Histoplasmosis	Infection resulting from exposure to the fungus HISTOPLASMA.	African Histoplasmosis,Disseminated Histoplasmosis,Histoplasma duboisii Infection,Pulmonary Histoplasmosis,Histoplasma Infection,Histoplasma capsulatum Infection,Histoplasma Infections,Histoplasma capsulatum Infections,Histoplasma duboisii Infections,Histoplasmosis, African,Histoplasmosis, Disseminated,Histoplasmosis, Pulmonary,Infection, Histoplasma,Infection, Histoplasma capsulatum,Infection, Histoplasma duboisii
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000163	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.	AIDS,Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes,Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired,Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Acquired,Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency,Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency,Syndromes, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency,Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency
D015146	Midwestern United States	The geographic area of the midwestern region of the United States in general or when the specific state or states are not indicated. The states usually included in this region are Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, North Dakota, South Dakota and Wisconsin.	Middle West U.S.,Midwest U.S.,Midwest US