The effect of propranolol on aortic structure and function in normotensive rats. 2012

Konstantinos M Lampropoulos, and Dimitrios P Sokolis, and Constantinos A Dimitriou, and Michalis Katsimpoulas, and Evangelos Balafas, and Anna Agapaki, and Panayotis E Karayannacos, and Harisios Boudoulas
Foundation of Biomedical Research, Academy of Athens, Greece. konlampropoulos@yahoo.gr

BACKGROUND Beta-blocking agents are widely used for the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. The effect of these agents, however, on the aortic wall structure and function has not been well defined. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of therapy with propranolol on wall structure and aortic function in rats. METHODS 20 healthy Wistar rats (350-400 g) were assigned to a control group (n=8), with rats receiving only water and food, and an experimental group (n=12), in which 100 mg/kg/day propranolol was administered in the drinking water. Three months after initiation of treatment, aortic pressures and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured using high-fidelity Millar catheters. Extensive histopathologic studies were performed in the wall of the descending thoracic aorta. RESULTS Systolic, mean, diastolic, and pulse pressure were significantly lower in the propranolol-treated rats compared to controls (p<0.05). For any given systolic, mean, and pulse pressure, PWV was greater in the propranolol-treated animals (p<0.05). The heart rate was lower and the response to isoproterenol infusion was less in the propranolol-treated animals. Smooth muscle content was decreased and collagen content was increased in the aortic wall of the propranolol-treated animals compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Long-term propranolol administration elicits an increase in PWV adjusted for aortic pressure. This may be related to accumulation of collagen in the aortic wall at the expense of smooth muscle cells. The aortic stiffening may explain some of the reported data, suggesting that the effect of β-blockade therapy in patients with arterial hypertension may be inferior to other pharmacologic agents.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009131 Muscle, Smooth, Vascular The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels. Vascular Smooth Muscle,Muscle, Vascular Smooth,Muscles, Vascular Smooth,Smooth Muscle, Vascular,Smooth Muscles, Vascular,Vascular Smooth Muscles
D011433 Propranolol A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs. Dexpropranolol,AY-20694,Anaprilin,Anapriline,Avlocardyl,Betadren,Dociton,Inderal,Obsidan,Obzidan,Propanolol,Propranolol Hydrochloride,Rexigen,AY 20694,AY20694,Hydrochloride, Propranolol
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004334 Drug Administration Schedule Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience. Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration
D000284 Administration, Oral The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth. Drug Administration, Oral,Administration, Oral Drug,Oral Administration,Oral Drug Administration,Administrations, Oral,Administrations, Oral Drug,Drug Administrations, Oral,Oral Administrations,Oral Drug Administrations
D000319 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Drugs that bind to but do not activate beta-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of beta-adrenergic agonists. Adrenergic beta-antagonists are used for treatment of hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine headaches, and anxiety. Adrenergic beta-Antagonist,Adrenergic beta-Receptor Blockader,Adrenergic beta-Receptor Blockaders,beta-Adrenergic Antagonist,beta-Adrenergic Blocker,beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agent,beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents,beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockader,beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockaders,beta-Adrenoceptor Antagonist,beta-Blockers, Adrenergic,beta-Adrenergic Antagonists,beta-Adrenergic Blockers,beta-Adrenoceptor Antagonists,Adrenergic beta Antagonist,Adrenergic beta Antagonists,Adrenergic beta Receptor Blockader,Adrenergic beta Receptor Blockaders,Adrenergic beta-Blockers,Agent, beta-Adrenergic Blocking,Agents, beta-Adrenergic Blocking,Antagonist, beta-Adrenergic,Antagonist, beta-Adrenoceptor,Antagonists, beta-Adrenergic,Antagonists, beta-Adrenoceptor,Blockader, Adrenergic beta-Receptor,Blockader, beta-Adrenergic Receptor,Blockaders, Adrenergic beta-Receptor,Blockaders, beta-Adrenergic Receptor,Blocker, beta-Adrenergic,Blockers, beta-Adrenergic,Blocking Agent, beta-Adrenergic,Blocking Agents, beta-Adrenergic,Receptor Blockader, beta-Adrenergic,Receptor Blockaders, beta-Adrenergic,beta Adrenergic Antagonist,beta Adrenergic Antagonists,beta Adrenergic Blocker,beta Adrenergic Blockers,beta Adrenergic Blocking Agent,beta Adrenergic Blocking Agents,beta Adrenergic Receptor Blockader,beta Adrenergic Receptor Blockaders,beta Adrenoceptor Antagonist,beta Adrenoceptor Antagonists,beta Blockers, Adrenergic,beta-Antagonist, Adrenergic,beta-Antagonists, Adrenergic,beta-Receptor Blockader, Adrenergic,beta-Receptor Blockaders, Adrenergic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001013 Aorta, Thoracic The portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta and extending to the DIAPHRAGM, eventually connecting to the ABDOMINAL AORTA. Aorta, Ascending,Aorta, Descending,Aortic Arch,Aortic Root,Arch of the Aorta,Descending Aorta,Sinotubular Junction,Ascending Aorta,Thoracic Aorta,Aortic Roots,Arch, Aortic,Ascending Aortas,Junction, Sinotubular,Root, Aortic,Sinotubular Junctions

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