Refinements in vaginal reconstruction using rectus abdominis flaps. 1990

G R Tobin, and S H Pursell, and T G Day
Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky.

An improved method for vaginal reconstruction after pelvic exenteration or abdominal perineal resection is provided by the distally based rectus abdominis flap. This extended flap carries a skin paddle from the upper abdomen on the rectus abdominis muscle and deep inferior epigastric vascular pedicle. The skin paddle is inversely tubed to form a vaginal pouch and delivered transpelvically to the perineum. In addition to providing a vaginal reconstruction for sexual function, this reconstruction lessens pelvic wound complications in the exenteration patient by filling endopelvic dead space and revascularizing these frequently irradiated wounds. This method provides a neovagina with a single flap and does not involve additional donor sites in the thighs. Transpelvic passage from above not only fills endopelvic dead space better than thigh flaps, but also it allows retention of a vaginal cuff in supralevator resections. Another significant advantage of this reconstruction is its great reliability with minimal incidence of paddle loss. This flap design illustrates a type of flap refinement in which specific flaps can carry tissue from adjacent vascular territories because of anastomotic vessels between the two vascular territories, such as the vascular watershed between the deep inferior epigastric and superior epigastric vessels in this case.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010385 Pelvic Exenteration Removal of all of the organs and adjacent structures of the pelvis. It is usually performed to surgically remove cancer involving the bladder, uterine cervix, or rectum. (Stedman, 25th ed) Exenteration, Pelvic,Exenterations, Pelvic,Pelvic Exenterations
D010502 Perineum The body region lying between the genital area and the ANUS on the surface of the trunk, and to the shallow compartment lying deep to this area that is inferior to the PELVIC DIAPHRAGM. The surface area is between the VULVA and the anus in the female, and between the SCROTUM and the anus in the male. Perineums
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013524 Surgical Flaps Tongues of skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle, cut away from the underlying parts but often still attached at one end. They retain their own microvasculature which is also transferred to the new site. They are often used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region. Island Flap,Island Flaps,Flap, Surgical,Flaps, Surgical,Pedicled Flap,Surgical Flap,Flap, Island,Flap, Pedicled,Flaps, Island,Flaps, Pedicled,Pedicled Flaps
D014621 Vagina The genital canal in the female, extending from the UTERUS to the VULVA. (Stedman, 25th ed) Vaginas

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