Chronic exposure to natural uranium via drinking water affects bone in growing rats. 2012

Ndéye Marième Wade-Gueye, and Olivia Delissen, and Patrick Gourmelon, and Jocelyne Aigueperse, and Isabelle Dublineau, and Maâmar Souidi
Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), DRPH, SRBE, LRTOX, BP 17, F-92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France. marieme.wade-gueye@irsn.fr

BACKGROUND Bone is the main site of uranium accumulation after long term contamination. Several studies describe that at high dose of exposure, uranium impairs bone growth. Nevertheless little is known about the effects of chronic exposure at low doses of this radionuclide on bone, especially when ingested via drinking water, which is considered as the main exposure pathway for the public. METHODS In this study, male rats were exposed to natural uranium in drinking water for a 9 month period, either at 40 mg l(-1) starting just after birth (post-natal model) or starting at 3 months of age (adult model). RESULTS In the post-natal model at 40 mg l(-1), three-dimensional microtomography analysis showed that NU decreased significantly the cortical bone diameter in NU-contaminated rats. Bone histomorphometry analysis also showed a significant increase of the osteoid thickness in trabecular bone of the femur of NU-contaminated rats. In addition, mRNA expression in trabecular bone of genes involved in osteoblast differentiation (OSX, BMP2, RUNX2), bone remodeling (TRAP, OCN), bone mineralization (BSP, OPN, DMP1), calcium transport (TRPV5) as well as vitamin D receptor (VDR) was significantly decreased in this model. In contrast, in the adult model, no morphometric, cellular and molecular changes were observed in bone. CONCLUSIONS This study showed for the first time that NU at this concentration has no detectable effect in adult bone while it significantly affects growing bone, which thus appears more sensitive to low dose contamination by this radionuclide.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D001842 Bone and Bones A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principal cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX. Bone Tissue,Bone and Bone,Bone,Bones,Bones and Bone,Bones and Bone Tissue,Bony Apophyses,Bony Apophysis,Condyle,Apophyses, Bony,Apophysis, Bony,Bone Tissues,Condyles,Tissue, Bone,Tissues, Bone
D001846 Bone Development The growth and development of bones from fetus to adult. It includes two principal mechanisms of bone growth: growth in length of long bones at the epiphyseal cartilages and growth in thickness by depositing new bone (OSTEOGENESIS) with the actions of OSTEOBLASTS and OSTEOCLASTS. Bone Growth
D005269 Femur The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee. Trochanter,Greater Trochanter,Lesser Trochanter,Femurs,Greater Trochanters,Lesser Trochanters,Trochanter, Greater,Trochanter, Lesser,Trochanters,Trochanters, Greater,Trochanters, Lesser
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000831 Animals, Newborn Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth. Animals, Neonatal,Animal, Neonatal,Animal, Newborn,Neonatal Animal,Neonatal Animals,Newborn Animal,Newborn Animals
D012333 RNA, Messenger RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D014501 Uranium A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. It has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors.
D017207 Rats, Sprague-Dawley A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company. Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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