Pre-synaptic function explains age-dependent actions of general anesthetics in the rat hippocampal synaptic transmission. 2012

Koki Hirota, and Rika Sasaki, and Mitsuaki Yamazaki
Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. koki@med.u-toyama.ac.jp

Mechanisms by which age modifies general anesthetic requirements remain uncertain. In order to examine the age-related modification of general anesthetics in the central nervous system, we have studied the effects of thiopental and sevoflurane on hippocampal synaptic transmission in young and elderly rats. Field potentials of area CA1 were electrically elicited in hippocampal slices from young (4-month) and elderly (2-year) male Wistat rats. The effects of sevoflurane on both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission were similar in the young and elderly preparations. In contrast, thiopental produced a greater effect on inhibitory synaptic transmission in young than elderly hippocampi, whereas the actions on excitatory synaptic transmission were negligible in both preparations. Corresponding experiments revealed (a) that the duration of recurrent inhibition was more prolonged by thiopental in young compared to elderly animals and (b) that thiopental enhanced the γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) release from pre-synaptic terminals in an age-dependent manner. The thiopental actions on GABA discharge from pre-synaptic terminals appear to be responsible for the observed difference between young and elderly animals. The age-dependent reduction in neurotransmitter stores in pre-synaptic terminals may explain the age-related alterations in general anesthetic actions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008738 Methyl Ethers A group of compounds that contain the general formula R-OCH3. Ethers, Methyl
D009435 Synaptic Transmission The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D005680 gamma-Aminobutyric Acid The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. 4-Aminobutyric Acid,GABA,4-Aminobutanoic Acid,Aminalon,Aminalone,Gammalon,Lithium GABA,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Calcium Salt (2:1),gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hydrochloride,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Monolithium Salt,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Monosodium Salt,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Zinc Salt (2:1),4 Aminobutanoic Acid,4 Aminobutyric Acid,Acid, Hydrochloride gamma-Aminobutyric,GABA, Lithium,Hydrochloride gamma-Aminobutyric Acid,gamma Aminobutyric Acid,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Hydrochloride,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Monolithium Salt,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Monosodium Salt
D006624 Hippocampus A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation. Ammon Horn,Cornu Ammonis,Hippocampal Formation,Subiculum,Ammon's Horn,Hippocampus Proper,Ammons Horn,Formation, Hippocampal,Formations, Hippocampal,Hippocampal Formations,Hippocampus Propers,Horn, Ammon,Horn, Ammon's,Proper, Hippocampus,Propers, Hippocampus,Subiculums
D000077149 Sevoflurane A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION. BAX 3084,Fluoromethyl Hexafluoroisopropyl Ether,Fluoromethyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl Ether,Sevorane,Ultane
D000367 Age Factors Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time. Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013874 Thiopental A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration. Penthiobarbital,Thiomebumal,Thiopentobarbital,Bomathal,Nesdonal,Pentothal,Pentothal Sodico,Sodipental,Thionembutal,Thiopental Nycomed,Thiopental Sodium,Thiopentone,Tiobarbital Braun,Trapanal
D017208 Rats, Wistar A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain. Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats

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