Biomaterial Database

[The generation of nonadrenergic inhibiting synaptic potentials in the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract by substituting cesium ions for potassium ions]. 1990

V P Zagorodniuk, and I A Vladimirova, and M F Shuba, and C Hoyle

Nonadrenergic inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) evoked by intramural stimulation were investigated in smooth muscle of guinea pig stomach, caecum and colon by means of sucrose-gap method. IJPs disappeared in the smooth muscle preexposed to K-free Krebs solution for 4-9 h and restored by addition 6mM Cs+. The amplitude of IJPs was half as much as one in normal conditions but the latency and duration were significantly prolonged. In most cases apamin blocks IJPs in these muscles. The results presented suggest that IJPs generation is due to Cs+ ions permeated through Ca(2+)-activated apamin-sensitive potassium channels of small conductance in these conditions. As the responses to ATP were affected in parallel with IJPs, these results are consistent with the purinergic hypothesis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007477	Ions	An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as CATIONS; those with a negative charge are ANIONS.
D007552	Isotonic Solutions	Solutions having the same osmotic pressure as blood serum, or another solution with which they are compared. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Dorland, 28th ed)	Solutions, Isotonic
D008564	Membrane Potentials	The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).	Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D009130	Muscle, Smooth	Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D009433	Neural Inhibition	The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells.	Inhibition, Neural
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D011941	Receptors, Adrenergic	Cell-surface proteins that bind epinephrine and/or norepinephrine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes. The two major classes of adrenergic receptors, alpha and beta, were originally discriminated based on their cellular actions but now are distinguished by their relative affinity for characteristic synthetic ligands. Adrenergic receptors may also be classified according to the subtypes of G-proteins with which they bind; this scheme does not respect the alpha-beta distinction.	Adrenergic Receptors,Adrenoceptor,Adrenoceptors,Norepinephrine Receptor,Receptors, Epinephrine,Receptors, Norepinephrine,Adrenergic Receptor,Epinephrine Receptors,Norepinephrine Receptors,Receptor, Adrenergic,Receptor, Norepinephrine
D002586	Cesium	A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 55, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.	Caesium,Caesium-133,Cesium-133,Caesium 133,Cesium 133
D004064	Digestive System	A group of organs stretching from the MOUTH to the ANUS, serving to breakdown foods, assimilate nutrients, and eliminate waste. In humans, the digestive system includes the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and the accessory glands (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).	Ailmentary System,Alimentary System
D004068	Digestive System Physiological Phenomena	Properties and processes of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.	Digestive Physiology,Digestive System Processes,Digestive System Phenomena,Digestive System Phenomenon,Digestive System Physiological Concepts,Digestive System Physiological Phenomenon,Digestive System Physiology,Digestive System Process,Physiology, Digestive,Phenomena, Digestive System,Phenomenas, Digestive System,Phenomenon, Digestive System,Physiology, Digestive System,Process, Digestive System,Processes, Digestive System