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A rapid reduction of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity occurs after the replating of confluent cultures of BHK 21 c/13 fibroblasts into fresh medium. This reduction in activity depends on the density to which the cultures are reseeded and the concentration of serum in the medium. Enzyme activity in BHK cells is restored after 24 to 48 hours if cells are diluted into medium containing 10% fetal calf serum or 0.5% fetal calf serum supplemented with insulin (10(-6)M), but not into 0.5% serum alone. The restoration in enzyme activity is blocked by cycloheximide or Actinomycin D. When BHK cells become quiescent by maintanance in 0.5% serum conditions for 48 hours, a rapid (15--60 minutes) increase in cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity occurs when 10% serum is added to the cultures. Enzyme activity is increased even further after 24 to 48 hours in the 10% serum. Cycloheximide or Actinomycin D do not affect the rapid increase in enzyme activity in response to serum, but completely inhibit the long term increase. In contrast to serum, insulin (10(-8) to 10(-6)M) has no short term effect, but does increase enzyme activity after 24 to 48 hours to levels comparable to those seen with addition of 10% serum. As is the case with serum, this long term effect of insulin on enzyme activity is prevented by inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis. Kinetic analyses of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity in homogenates of quiescent BHK cells indicate the presence of only high Km (congruent to 20 muM) enzyme activity. Addition of serum or insulin to quiescent cells results in the appearance of apparent low Km enzyme activity in homogenates. Sucrose gradient analysis of BHK cells displays two forms of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase enzyme activity: a 3--4 S form and 5--6 S form. In quiescent cells, the 5--6 S form greatly predominates relative to the 3--4 S form. Addition of serum to quiescent cells results in a rapid appearance of increased 3--4 S form enzyme activity. Insulin also increases the activity of this higher affinity 3--4 S enzyme form after 24 to 48 hours in culture. The functional significance of short and long term regulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase(s) in cells is discussed.
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
April 1975,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
April 1978,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
June 1987,
Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
January 1975,
Advances in cyclic nucleotide research,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
May 1976,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
January 1984,
Advances in cyclic nucleotide and protein phosphorylation research,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
January 1981,
Advances in cyclic nucleotide research,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
April 1976,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
December 1982,
The Journal of biological chemistry,
W J Pledger, and
W J Thompson, and
P M Epstein, and
S J Strada
November 1986,
Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire,
