During pregnancy and post partum period, uretral cytology shows qualitative and quantitative changes which may be compared to those of vaginal and urinary cytology. However, as the cellular types or uretral cytology are most numerous, the different patterns are not so uniform and seem to offer a more various picture according to the different hormonal status. The relation between glandular cells and trigonal looking epidermoid cells is essential. The trigonal cells lowering, in favour of glandular cells, is rather linked to hormonal deficiency. These different facts may let us hope a better detection of pregnancy and post-maturity hormonal deficiency.