-transparent.png){kind=logo}
Certain fish scales contain specialized cells (chromatophores) with pigment granulas, which can be dispersed or aggregated in the cells. The degree of aggregation is determined by a transmitter substance, noradrenaline, released by the sympathetic nerve endings in the skin. Isolated scales from, for example, cuckoo wrasse (Labrus ossifagus) retain a large sensitivity to externally applied noradrenaline (or more generally catecholamines) for several weeks. The degree of aggregation in isolated scales can be measured objectively by simple photometric techniques. We demonstrate in this paper how fish scales can be used to monitor catecholamine levels in human blood plasma. A discussion of other potential biosensor applications of this intact biological receptor-effector system is also given.
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
June 2005,
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
January 1991,
Nature,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
April 2024,
Scientific reports,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
June 1993,
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
August 2020,
Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
January 1970,
Journal of the Biological Photographic Association,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
March 2020,
Materials (Basel, Switzerland),
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
November 2007,
Environmental monitoring and assessment,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
March 2002,
Biosensors & bioelectronics,
H Elwing, and
J O Karlsson, and
N Grundström, and
A L Gustafsson, and
H von Schenck, and
H Sundgren, and
S Odman, and
R G Andersson, and
I Lundström
December 2019,
Waste management (New York, N.Y.),
