Biomaterial Database

Bone tissue and physical activity. 1990

D A Bailey, and R G McCulloch

College of Physical Education, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.

Bones provide more than just a structural framework for the body. In reality, bone is a multifunctional tissue dependent on, and sensitive to, a wide variety of biological, biochemical and biomechanical stimuli. This complex system is highly responsive to the mechanical stresses imposed by gravity and muscular contractions. Animal studies as well as human cross-sectional and longitudinal studies all point to the importance of weight-bearing physical activity and mechanical loading as the prime modalities in the preservation of skeletal integrity. Lack of weight-bearing activity is extremely harmful to the skeleton. Loss of skeletal density in individuals subjected to various types of immobilization or under conditions of weightlessness is well documented. The role of physical activity in the maintenance of skeletal integrity is a topic of considerable current interest when the increasing incidence of skeletal fragility in the elderly is taken into account.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D001842	Bone and Bones	A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principal cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.	Bone Tissue,Bone and Bone,Bone,Bones,Bones and Bone,Bones and Bone Tissue,Bony Apophyses,Bony Apophysis,Condyle,Apophyses, Bony,Apophysis, Bony,Bone Tissues,Condyles,Tissue, Bone,Tissues, Bone
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001696	Biomechanical Phenomena	The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.	Biomechanics,Kinematics,Biomechanic Phenomena,Mechanobiological Phenomena,Biomechanic,Biomechanic Phenomenas,Phenomena, Biomechanic,Phenomena, Biomechanical,Phenomena, Mechanobiological,Phenomenas, Biomechanic
D015444	Exercise	Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining PHYSICAL FITNESS or HEALTH. Contrast with PHYSICAL EXERTION which is concerned largely with the physiologic and metabolic response to energy expenditure.	Aerobic Exercise,Exercise, Aerobic,Exercise, Isometric,Exercise, Physical,Isometric Exercise,Physical Activity,Acute Exercise,Exercise Training,Activities, Physical,Activity, Physical,Acute Exercises,Aerobic Exercises,Exercise Trainings,Exercise, Acute,Exercises,Exercises, Acute,Exercises, Aerobic,Exercises, Isometric,Exercises, Physical,Isometric Exercises,Physical Activities,Physical Exercise,Physical Exercises,Training, Exercise,Trainings, Exercise