Biomaterial Database

Cytosolic free calcium concentrations in avian growth plate chondrocytes. 1990

T E Gunter, and M J Zuscik, and J E Puzas, and K K Gunter, and R N Rosier

Department of Biophysics, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York.

Isolated avian growth plate chondrocytes convert the acetoxymethyl ester (AM) form of Fura-2 quickly and efficiently to the Ca2(+)-sensitive pentacarboxylic acid (FA) form. Control experiments indicate that the Kd for intracellular Fura-2/FA is very close to that of extracellular Fura-2/FA at the same ionic strength and pH and that the Fura-2/FA fluorescence from indicator converted by intracellular organelles is quite small. Correcting for the effects of extracellular Fura-2/FA and partial hydrolysis products has improved the accuracy of determination of intracellular [Ca2+] over earlier measurements in chondrocytes. Cytosolic [Ca2+] in isolated growth plate chondrocytes (containing cells from each maturational stage) is found to require approximately 9 hours to recover from the isolation process. After this recovery period, cytosolic [Ca2+] in these cells converges to approximately 70 nM regardless of the [Ca2+] of the recovery medium, suggesting regulation of cytosolic [Ca2+] to a set point. Chondrocytes that are separated into maturationally distinct fractions using countercurrent centrifugal elutriation show an increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] with cellular maturation. The least mature resting cells have a [Ca2+] near 57 nM, while the most mature hypertrophic cells are around 95 nM.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002113	Calcification, Physiologic	Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.	Bone Mineralization,Calcification, Physiological,Physiologic Calcification,Mineralization, Bone,Physiological Calcification
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D002458	Cell Fractionation	Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS.	Cell Fractionations,Fractionation, Cell,Fractionations, Cell
D002469	Cell Separation	Techniques for separating distinct populations of cells.	Cell Isolation,Cell Segregation,Isolation, Cell,Cell Isolations,Cell Segregations,Cell Separations,Isolations, Cell,Segregation, Cell,Segregations, Cell,Separation, Cell,Separations, Cell
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003600	Cytosol	Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.	Cytosols
D006132	Growth Plate	The area between the EPIPHYSIS and the DIAPHYSIS within which bone growth occurs.	Cartilage, Epiphyseal,Epiphyseal Cartilage,Epiphyseal Plate,Cartilages, Epiphyseal,Epiphyseal Cartilages,Epiphyseal Plates,Growth Plates,Plate, Epiphyseal,Plate, Growth,Plates, Epiphyseal,Plates, Growth
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015388	Organelles	Specific particles of membrane-bound organized living substances present in eukaryotic cells, such as the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.	Organelle