Biomaterial Database

Biochemical characterization of postsynaptically localized cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. 1979

M A Ariano, and M M Appleman

This study demonstrates the postsynaptic localization of one of the isozymes of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity at asymmetrical, axospinous terminals in the rat corpus striatum and neocortex. Characterization of this enzymatic activity demonstrates that the PDE form surviving aldehyde fixation for electron cytochemistry can be considered to preferentially hydrolyze cyclic 3'5'-guanosine monophosphate, and it requires calcium and a heat-stable calcium-dependent regulator protein (CDR) for full hydrolytic activity. Ion exchange chromatographic analysis of extracts of corresponding unfixed brain regions demonstrates that only one enzyme activity peak exhibits similar aldehyde resistance and calcium and regulator protein activatibility.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010727	Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases	A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of one of the two ester bonds in a phosphodiester compound. EC 3.1.4.	Phosphodiesterase,Phosphodiesterases,Hydrolases, Phosphoric Diester
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002540	Cerebral Cortex	The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.	Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D003342	Corpus Striatum	Striped GRAY MATTER and WHITE MATTER consisting of the NEOSTRIATUM and paleostriatum (GLOBUS PALLIDUS). It is located in front of and lateral to the THALAMUS in each cerebral hemisphere. The gray substance is made up of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS and the lentiform nucleus (the latter consisting of the GLOBUS PALLIDUS and PUTAMEN). The WHITE MATTER is the INTERNAL CAPSULE.	Lenticular Nucleus,Lentiform Nucleus,Lentiform Nuclei,Nucleus Lentiformis,Lentiformis, Nucleus,Nuclei, Lentiform,Nucleus, Lenticular,Nucleus, Lentiform,Striatum, Corpus
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013569	Synapses	Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions.	Synapse
D015087	2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases	Nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphate nucleotidohydrolase. Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the 2'- or 3'- phosphate bonds of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotides. Also hydrolyzes nucleoside monophosphates. Includes EC 3.1.4.16 and EC 3.1.4.37. EC 3.1.4.-.	2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases,2,3-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,2,3-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases,CNPase,2',3' Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,2',3' Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases,2,3 Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,2,3 Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases,Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase, 2',3'-Cyclic,Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase, 2,3-Cyclic,Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, 2',3'-Cyclic,Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, 2,3-Cyclic,Phosphodiesterase, 2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 2,3-Cyclic Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterases, 2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterases, 2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterases, 2,3-Cyclic Nucleotide
D015105	3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases	Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of CYCLIC AMP to form adenosine 5'-phosphate. The enzymes are widely distributed in animal tissue and control the level of intracellular cyclic AMP. Many specific enzymes classified under this heading demonstrate additional spcificity for 3',5'-cyclic IMP and CYCLIC GMP.	3',5'-Cyclic AMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,CAMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3,5-Cyclic AMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5-Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic AMP 5' Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5' Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterases,3',5' Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase,3,5 Cyclic AMP 5 Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5 Cyclic AMP Phosphodiesterase,5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic AMP,5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic AMP,AMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic,AMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic,AMP Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic,AMP Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic,Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic AMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Nucleotide,Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic AMP,Phosphodiesterase, CAMP,Phosphodiesterases, 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP
D015106	3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases	Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic GMP to yield guanosine-5'-phosphate.	3',5'-Cyclic GMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5'-Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterase,3,5-Cyclic GMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5-Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic GMP 5' Nucleotidohydrolase,3',5' Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,3',5' Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterases,3,5 Cyclic GMP 5 Nucleotidohydrolase,3,5 Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase,5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic GMP,5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic GMP,GMP 5'-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3',5'-Cyclic,GMP 5-Nucleotidohydrolase, 3,5-Cyclic,GMP Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic,GMP Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic GMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP,Phosphodiesterase, 3,5-Cyclic GMP,Phosphodiesterases, 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus