Xylans inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials by cellulases. 2012

Junhua Zhang, and Ming Tang, and Liisa Viikari
College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China. junhuazhang@nwsuaf.edu.cn

Hemicelluloses have been found to be physical barriers in the hydrolysis of cellulose, and prevent the access of enzymes to cellulose surface. In addition, soluble hemicelluloses may strongly inhibit the cellulase activity. In this work, birchwood xylan clearly inhibited the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw, Avicel and nanocellulose by cellulases. Hydrolysis efficiencies of cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI, from Thermoascus aurantiacus), cellobiohydrolase II (CBHII, from Trichoderma reesei) and endoglucanase II (from T. aurantiacus) were clearly inhibited by birchwood xylan, respectively. The strongest inhibitory effect of birchwood xylan was observed on the hydrolysis of Avicel by CBHI and CBHII, as a dramatically decreased formation of the main product, cellobiose. After additions of soluble and insoluble oat spelt xylan, cleaved cellobiose units by CBHI from cellulose chain decreased from 8 to 4 and 6, respectively. The results in this work demonstrated that xylans clearly inhibited the hydrolysis efficiencies of both endoglucanase and cellobiohydrolase.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008031 Lignin The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Lignins
D002482 Cellulose A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations. Alphacel,Avicel,Heweten,Polyanhydroglucuronic Acid,Rayophane,Sulfite Cellulose,alpha-Cellulose,Acid, Polyanhydroglucuronic,alpha Cellulose
D002852 Chromatography, Ion Exchange Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins. Chromatography, Ion-Exchange,Ion-Exchange Chromatography,Chromatographies, Ion Exchange,Chromatographies, Ion-Exchange,Ion Exchange Chromatographies,Ion Exchange Chromatography,Ion-Exchange Chromatographies
D006868 Hydrolysis The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
D014242 Trichoderma A mitosporic fungal genus frequently found in soil and on wood. It is sometimes used for controlling pathogenic fungi. Its teleomorph is HYPOCREA. Trichodermas
D014908 Triticum A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS. Wheat,Durum Wheat,Triticum aestivum,Triticum durum,Triticum spelta,Triticum turgidum,Triticum turgidum subsp. durum,Triticum vulgare,Durum Wheats,Wheat, Durum
D014990 Xylans Polysaccharides consisting of xylose units. Xylan
D044602 Cellulases A family of glycosidases that hydrolyse crystalline CELLULOSE into soluble sugar molecules. Within this family there are a variety of enzyme subtypes with differing substrate specificities that must work together to bring about complete cellulose hydrolysis. They are found in structures called CELLULOSOMES. Laminarinase,Avicelase,Avicelase II,Cellulase Enzyme System,Cellulase Enzyme Systems,Endocellulase,Endocellulases,Endoglucanase I,Exo-cellulase,Exocellulase,Exocellulases,beta-Glucosidases,Enzyme System, Cellulase,Enzyme Systems, Cellulase,Exo cellulase,Systems, Cellulase Enzyme,beta Glucosidases
D055327 Thermoascus A genus of thermophilic, ascomycetous fungi in the family Trichocomaceae, order EUROTIALES. Anamorphic forms are in the genus PAECILOMYCES. Thermoascus aurantiacus
D029662 Betula A plant genus of the family BETULACEAE. The tree has smooth, resinous, varicolored or white bark, marked by horizontal pores (lenticels), which usually peels horizontally in thin sheets. Birch,Betulas,Birchs

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