BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

The effects of physical refining on the formation of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters in relation to palm oil minor components. 2012

Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science & Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

The formation of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters in refined palm oil during deodorisation is attributed to the intrinsic composition of crude palm oil. Utilising D-optimal design, the effects of the degumming and bleaching processes on the reduction in 3-MCPD ester formation in refined palm oil from poor-quality crude palm oil were studied relative to the palm oil minor components that are likely to be their precursors. Water degumming remarkably reduced 3-MCPD ester formation by up to 84%, from 9.79 mg/kg to 1.55 mg/kg. Bleaching with synthetic magnesium silicate caused a further 10% reduction, to 0.487 mg/kg. The reduction in 3-MCPD ester formation could be due to the removal of related precursors prior to the deodorisation step. The phosphorus content of bleached palm oil showed a significant correlation with 3-MCPD ester formation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008401 Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds. Chromatography, Gas-Liquid-Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Gas-Mass Spectrometry,GCMS,Spectrometry, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Spectrum Analysis, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry-Gas Chromatography,Chromatography, Gas Liquid Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Gas Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry-Gas,Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas,Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas-Liquid,Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,Gas Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry Gas Chromatography,Spectrometries, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography-Mass,Spectrometry, Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass,Spectrometry, Mass Gas Chromatography,Spectrometry-Gas Chromatography, Mass,Spectrum Analysis, Mass Gas Chromatography
D010938 Plant Oils Oils derived from plants or plant products. Oils, Plant,Oils, Vegetable,Plant Oil,Vegetable Oil,Vegetable Oils,Oil, Plant,Oil, Vegetable
D004952 Esters Compounds derived from organic or inorganic acids in which at least one hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O-alkyl or another organic group. They can be represented by the structure formula RCOOR’ and are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water. Ester
D005990 Glycerol A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, or sweetening agent. 1,2,3-Propanetriol,Glycerin,1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane,Glycerine
D000073878 Palm Oil Nutritive oil extracted from the fleshy mesocarp of the fruit of the African palm tree, Elaeis guineensis. Palmolein,Oil, Palm
D000517 alpha-Chlorohydrin A chlorinated PROPANEDIOL with antifertility activity in males used as a chemosterilant in rodents. alpha-Chlorhydrin,3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol,3-Chloropropanediol,3-MCPD,3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol,Glycerol alpha-Monochlorohydrin,U-5897,3 Chloro 1,2 propanediol,3 Chloropropanediol,3 Monochloropropane 1,2 diol,Glycerol alpha Monochlorohydrin,U 5897,U5897,alpha Chlorhydrin,alpha Chlorohydrin,alpha-Monochlorohydrin, Glycerol

Related Publications

Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Formation and reduction of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters in peanut oil during physical refining.
May 2016, Food chemistry,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Optimization of water washing for mitigation of 3-monochloropropane 1,2 diol ester in palm oil physical refining process.
December 2023, Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Effects of Endogenous Antioxidants in Camellia Oil on the Formation of 2-Monochloropropane-1, 3-diol Esters and 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters during Thermal Processing.
January 2024, Foods (Basel, Switzerland),
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Revising degumming and bleaching processes of palm oil refining for the mitigation of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) contents in refined palm oil.
March 2020, Food chemistry,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Multivariate modelling analysis for prediction of glycidyl esters and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) formation in periodically heated palm oil.
October 2023, Heliyon,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
New Insights on Degumming and Bleaching Process Parameters on The Formation of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-Diol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Refined, Bleached, Deodorized Palm Oil.
April 2018, Journal of oleo science,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Effects of Food Types, Frying Frequency, and Frying Temperature on 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters and Glycidyl Esters Content in Palm Oil during Frying.
September 2021, Foods (Basel, Switzerland),
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Antioxidants Inhibit Formation of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters in Model Reactions.
November 2015, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Recommendations for Oil Extraction and Refining Process to Prevent the Formation of Monochloropropane-diol Esters in Sunflower Oil.
June 2021, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
Musfirah Zulkurnain, and Oi Ming Lai, and Razam Abdul Latip, and Imededdine Arbi Nehdi, and Tau Chuan Ling, and Chin Ping Tan
Preliminary Large Scale Mitigation of 3-Monochloropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Palm Oil.
August 2020, Journal of oleo science,
Copied contents to your clipboard!