The analysis of drugs in various biological fluids is an important criterion for the determination of the physiological performance of a drug. NSAIDs are non-selective inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis and indicated for the acute or long-term treatment of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. This paper reviews the recent developments in bioanalysis of these drugs. In particular, sample preparation end, handling procedures, chromatographic conditions and detection methods are discussed. A summary of published HPLC assays for individual antiinflammatory drugs is included.