Chitosan-amylopectin/hydroxyapatite and chitosan-chondroitin sulphate/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 2012

Jayachandran Venkatesan, and Ramjee Pallela, and Ira Bhatnagar, and Se-Kwon Kim
Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea. venkatjchem@gmail.com

Over the past few decades, artificial graft materials for bone tissue engineering are gaining much importance. In this study, tri-component scaffolds of chitosan/natural hydroxyapatite with chondroitin sulfate (chitosan-CS/HAp) and amylopectin (chitosan-AP/HAp) have been developed for the first time via freeze-drying method and were characterized physicochemically for bone grafting substitutes. Chemical interactions and dispersion of HAp, CS and AP in the chitosan matrix have been evaluated by various analytical techniques. The porosity and water uptake/retention ability of these composite scaffolds decreased whereas thermal stability increased when compared to the chitosan scaffold. The pore size of the chitosan/HAp, chitosan-CS/HAp and chitosan-AP/HAp scaffolds varied from 60 to 180 μm, 60 to 400 μm and 80 to 500 μm, respectively. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and type-1 collagen production was evaluated in vitro using MG-63 cell line, which was observed to be higher in the composite scaffolds. Excellent interconnected porosity, controlled biodegradation and enhanced cell proliferation of the novel chitosan-CS/HAp and chitosan-AP/HAp scaffolds suggests that these scaffolds are promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010473 Perciformes The most diversified of all fish orders and the largest vertebrate order. It includes many of the commonly known fish such as porgies, croakers, sunfishes, dolphin fish, mackerels, TUNA, etc. Bluegill,Croakers,Dolphin Fish,Porgies,Sparid Fish,Sparus,Sunfishes,Centrarchidae,Mackerels,Mahi-Mahi,Bluegills,Croaker,Fish, Sparid,Mackerel
D001842 Bone and Bones A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principal cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX. Bone Tissue,Bone and Bone,Bone,Bones,Bones and Bone,Bones and Bone Tissue,Bony Apophyses,Bony Apophysis,Condyle,Apophyses, Bony,Apophysis, Bony,Bone Tissues,Condyles,Tissue, Bone,Tissues, Bone
D002809 Chondroitin Sulfates Derivatives of chondroitin which have a sulfate moiety esterified to the galactosamine moiety of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate A, or chondroitin 4-sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate C, or chondroitin 6-sulfate, have the sulfate esterified in the 4- and 6-positions, respectively. Chondroitin sulfate B (beta heparin; DERMATAN SULFATE) is a misnomer and this compound is not a true chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin 4-Sulfate,Chondroitin 6-Sulfate,Chondroitin Sulfate A,Chondroitin Sulfate C,Blutal,Chondroitin 4-Sulfate, Aluminum Salt,Chondroitin 4-Sulfate, Potassium Salt,Chondroitin 6-Sulfate, Potassium Salt,Chondroitin 6-Sulfate, Sodium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate,Chondroitin Sulfate 4-Sulfate, Sodium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Calcium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Iron (+3) Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Iron Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Potassium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Sodium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Zinc Salt,Chonsurid,Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate,Translagen,Chondroitin 4 Sulfate,Chondroitin 4 Sulfate, Aluminum Salt,Chondroitin 4 Sulfate, Potassium Salt,Chondroitin 6 Sulfate,Chondroitin 6 Sulfate, Potassium Salt,Chondroitin 6 Sulfate, Sodium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate 4 Sulfate, Sodium Salt,Chondroitin Sulfate, Sodium,Sulfate, Chondroitin,Sulfate, Sodium Chondroitin,Sulfates, Chondroitin
D005612 Freeze Drying Method of tissue preparation in which the tissue specimen is frozen and then dehydrated at low temperature in a high vacuum. This method is also used for dehydrating pharmaceutical and food products. Lyophilization,Drying, Freeze,Dryings, Freeze,Freeze Dryings,Lyophilizations
D000469 Alkaline Phosphatase An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.
D000687 Amylopectin A highly branched glucan in starch.
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001672 Biocompatible Materials Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function. Biomaterials,Bioartificial Materials,Hemocompatible Materials,Bioartificial Material,Biocompatible Material,Biomaterial,Hemocompatible Material,Material, Bioartificial,Material, Biocompatible,Material, Hemocompatible
D014867 Water A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Hydrogen Oxide
D016062 Porosity Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance. Porosities

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