Tear film break-up time in rabbits. 2013

Xiaojia E Wei, and Maria Markoulli, and Zhenjun Zhao, and Mark D P Willcox
Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia. eric.xiaojia.w@gmail.com

BACKGROUND Rabbits have a longer inter-blink time (approximately 10 minutes) compared with humans (five to eight seconds), suggesting that rabbits have a much more stable tear film. Using fluorescein, the tear break-up time of rabbits has been reported to be similar to that of humans. This study set out to measure the tear break-up time in rabbits using non-invasive methods and to establish the pattern of tear break-up compared to humans. METHODS The tear break-up time was measured and the pattern of tear break-up was observed in six New Zealand White rabbits on two separate occasions using both the Keeler Tearscope-plus(TM) and a slitlamp biomicroscope. RESULTS The mean rabbit tear break-up time was 29.8 ± 3.4 (SD) minutes. This contrasts with the reports of human tear break-up time of eight to 30 seconds. The tear breaking spread very slowly and was often restricted to the area of the initial break. CONCLUSIONS Rabbit tears have a significantly higher tear break-up time than humans and this aligns with previously demonstrated differences in inter-blink time between rabbits and humans. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of tear stability may lead to novel ways of increasing human tear film stability.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007765 Lacrimal Apparatus The tear-forming and tear-conducting system which includes the lacrimal glands, eyelid margins, conjunctival sac, and the tear drainage system. Lacrimal Gland,Nasolacrimal Apparatus,Conjunctival Sacs,Lacrimal Ducts,Lacrimal Punctum,Lateral Canthus,Medial Canthus,Apparatus, Lacrimal,Apparatus, Nasolacrimal,Canthus, Lateral,Canthus, Medial,Conjunctival Sac,Duct, Lacrimal,Gland, Lacrimal,Lacrimal Duct,Lacrimal Glands,Lacrimal Punctums,Punctum, Lacrimal,Sac, Conjunctival
D011817 Rabbits A burrowing plant-eating mammal with hind limbs that are longer than its fore limbs. It belongs to the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, and in contrast to hares, possesses 22 instead of 24 pairs of chromosomes. Belgian Hare,New Zealand Rabbit,New Zealand Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbit,Rabbit,Rabbit, Domestic,Chinchilla Rabbits,NZW Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbits,Oryctolagus cuniculus,Chinchilla Rabbit,Domestic Rabbit,Domestic Rabbits,Hare, Belgian,NZW Rabbit,Rabbit, Chinchilla,Rabbit, NZW,Rabbit, New Zealand,Rabbits, Chinchilla,Rabbits, Domestic,Rabbits, NZW,Rabbits, New Zealand,Zealand Rabbit, New,Zealand Rabbits, New,cuniculus, Oryctolagus
D001767 Blinking Brief closing of the eyelids by involuntary normal periodic closing, as a protective measure, or by voluntary action. Orbicularis Oculi Reflex,Reflex, Blink,Reflex, Corneal,Reflex, Orbicularis Oculi,Winking,Blink Reflexes,Corneal Reflexes,Orbicularis Oculi Reflexes,Blink Reflex,Reflexes, Blink,Reflexes, Orbicularis Oculi
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013499 Surface Properties Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules. Properties, Surface,Property, Surface,Surface Property
D013666 Tears The fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA. Meibomian Lipids,Meibum,Lipid, Meibomian,Meibomian Lipid,Tear
D033401 Microscopy, Acoustic A scientific tool based on ULTRASONOGRAPHY and used not only for the observation of microstructure in metalwork but also in living tissue. In biomedical application, the acoustic propagation speed in normal and abnormal tissues can be quantified to distinguish their tissue elasticity and other properties. Acoustic Microscopy,Microscopy, Scanning Acoustic,Scanning Acoustic Microscopy,Ultrasonic Biomicroscopy,Ultrasonographic Biomicroscopy,Ultrasound Biomicroscopy,Acoustic Microscopies,Acoustic Microscopies, Scanning,Acoustic Microscopy, Scanning,Biomicroscopies, Ultrasonic,Biomicroscopies, Ultrasonographic,Biomicroscopies, Ultrasound,Biomicroscopy, Ultrasonic,Biomicroscopy, Ultrasonographic,Biomicroscopy, Ultrasound,Microscopies, Acoustic,Microscopies, Scanning Acoustic,Scanning Acoustic Microscopies,Ultrasonic Biomicroscopies,Ultrasonographic Biomicroscopies,Ultrasound Biomicroscopies

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