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Prenatal nicotine exposure induced a hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programmed alteration in intrauterine growth retardation offspring rats. 2012

L Liu, and F Liu, and H Kou, and B J Zhang, and D Xu, and B Chen, and L B Chen, and J Magdalou, and H Wang
Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.

Prenatal nicotine exposure inhibits the functional development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and alters glucose and lipid metabolism in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) fetal rats, but the postnatal consequence is unknown. We aimed to verify a neuroendocrine metabolic programmed alteration in IUGR offspring whose mothers were subcutaneously treated with 2mg/kgd of nicotine from gestational day 11 to 20. In the nicotine group, blood adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) levels were higher before postnatal day 35 and then returned to lower than the respective control. The adult offspring showed unchanged blood glucose but increased blood total cholesterol (TCH) and triglyceride (TG) levels. However, after chronic stress, the mRNA expression levels of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) were lower, but gain rates of ACTH and CORT levels were greater compared to the control. Additionally, the level of blood glucose was increased, while the elevated levels of blood TCH and TG before stress were close to the control levels. These results suggested that prenatal nicotine exposure induced an HPA axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programmed alteration in adult offspring, which might be attributed to hippocampal functional injury in utero.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007030 Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System A collection of NEURONS, tracts of NERVE FIBERS, endocrine tissue, and blood vessels in the HYPOTHALAMUS and the PITUITARY GLAND. This hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation provides the mechanism for hypothalamic neuroendocrine (HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES) regulation of pituitary function and the release of various PITUITARY HORMONES into the systemic circulation to maintain HOMEOSTASIS. Hypothalamic Hypophyseal System,Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis,Hypophyseal Portal System,Hypothalamic-Pituitary Unit,Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Systems,Hypothalamic Pituitary Unit,Hypothalamo Hypophyseal System,Hypothalamo Pituitary Adrenal Axis,Portal System, Hypophyseal
D008297 Male Males
D008431 Maternal-Fetal Exchange Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission. Transplacental Exposure,Exchange, Maternal-Fetal,Exposure, Transplacental,Maternal Fetal Exchange
D009489 Neurosecretion The production and release of substances such as NEUROTRANSMITTERS or HORMONES from nerve cells. Neurosecretions
D009538 Nicotine Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke. Nicotine Bitartrate,Nicotine Tartrate
D010805 Physical Conditioning, Animal Diet modification and physical exercise to improve the ability of animals to perform physical activities. Animal Physical Conditioning,Animal Physical Conditionings,Conditioning, Animal Physical,Conditionings, Animal Physical,Physical Conditionings, Animal
D010913 Pituitary-Adrenal System The interactions between the anterior pituitary and adrenal glands, in which corticotropin (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal cortex and adrenal cortical hormones suppress the production of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary. Pituitary Adrenal System,Pituitary-Adrenal Systems,System, Pituitary-Adrenal,Systems, Pituitary-Adrenal
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D011297 Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH. Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure,Late Effects, Prenatal Exposure
D005260 Female Females

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