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Cytokine profile of mature milk from smoking and nonsmoking mothers. 2013
Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz, and
Ewa Woś, and
Ewa Aleksandrowicz, and
Grażyna Luczak, and
Maciej Zagierski, and
Dorota Martysiak-Żurowska, and
Krzysztof Marek, and
Barbara Kamińska
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. aga1@gumed.edu.pl
We verified whether smoking during lactation influences breast milk cytokine (interleukin [IL]-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α) levels 30 to 32 days after delivery. The study group comprised 24 postpartum women who declared smoking >5 cigarettes per day. The control group included 45 nonsmoking postpartum women. Compared with nonsmoking women, smokers were characterized by significantly higher breast milk concentrations of IL-1α (P = 0.04), whereas no significant intergroup differences were observed in terms of remaining analyzed cytokines. Moreover, both groups were characterized by a similar fraction of women with detectable cytokine levels.
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