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Introns in UTRs: why we should stop ignoring them. 2012

Alicia A Bicknell, and Can Cenik, and Hon N Chua, and Frederick P Roth, and Melissa J Moore
Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

Although introns in 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) are found in many protein coding genes, rarely are they considered distinctive entities with specific functions. Indeed, mammalian transcripts with 3'-UTR introns are often assumed nonfunctional because they are subject to elimination by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). Nonetheless, recent findings indicate that 5'- and 3'-UTR intron status is of significant functional consequence for the regulation of mammalian genes. Therefore these features should be ignored no longer.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007438 Introns Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. They are transcribed along with the exons but are removed from the primary gene transcript by RNA SPLICING to leave mature RNA. Some introns code for separate genes. Intervening Sequences,Sequences, Intervening,Intervening Sequence,Intron,Sequence, Intervening
D009928 Organ Specificity Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen. Tissue Specificity,Organ Specificities,Specificities, Organ,Specificities, Tissue,Specificity, Organ,Specificity, Tissue,Tissue Specificities
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012261 Ribonucleoproteins Complexes of RNA-binding proteins with ribonucleic acids (RNA). Ribonucleoprotein
D012333 RNA, Messenger RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D059365 Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay An mRNA metabolic process that distinguishes a normal STOP CODON from a premature stop codon (NONSENSE CODON) and facilitates rapid degradation of aberrant mRNAs containing premature stop codons. Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay,Decay, Nonsense-Mediated mRNA,mRNA Decay, Nonsense-Mediated
D020121 5' Untranslated Regions The sequence at the 5' end of the messenger RNA that does not code for product. This sequence contains the ribosome binding site and other transcription and translation regulating sequences. 5'UTR,Leader Sequences, mRNA,Leader mRNA Sequences,mRNA Leader Sequences,5' UTR,5' UTRs,5' Untranslated Region,5'UTRs,Leader Sequence, mRNA,Leader mRNA Sequence,Region, 5' Untranslated,Regions, 5' Untranslated,Sequence, Leader mRNA,Sequence, mRNA Leader,Sequences, Leader mRNA,Sequences, mRNA Leader,UTR, 5',UTRs, 5',Untranslated Region, 5',Untranslated Regions, 5',mRNA Leader Sequence,mRNA Sequence, Leader,mRNA Sequences, Leader
D020413 3' Untranslated Regions The sequence at the 3' end of messenger RNA that does not code for product. This region contains transcription and translation regulating sequences. 3'UTR,3' UTR,3' Untranslated Region,3' UTRs,3'UTRs,Region, 3' Untranslated,Regions, 3' Untranslated,UTR, 3',UTRs, 3',Untranslated Region, 3',Untranslated Regions, 3'

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