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Captopril inhibits angiotensin II formation and bradykinin degradation in vivo. Eleven patients with essential hypertension (EH) and four patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) were treated with captopril for periods ranging from 3 days to 12 months. All patients had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) over 95 mm Hg after receiving a placebo for 3 days. Captopril given in ascending doses (10-1000 mg/day) caused normalization of blood pressure in all but three patients, one with severe RVH whose pressure fell 11%, one patient with severe EH, whose pressure fell 27%, and one with EH whose blood pressure fell 8.5%. The average control DBP in patients with EH was 113.7 +/- 5.5 (SE) mm Hg and fell to 89.9 +/- 3.6 mm Hg (p less than 0.001), while DBP in patients with RVH fell from 110.7 +/- 7.6 mm Hg to 94.5 +/- 8.2 (p less than 0.005). All patients were studied in balance on a 100 mEq sodium (Na) diet. Plasma renin activity (PRA) versus 24-hour urinary Na excretion increased sevenfold during therapy while converting enzyme activity fell by about one half. The magnitude of the blood pressure response was not related to control PRA. Cardiac output was estimated by echocardiography during placebo administration and during maintenance therapy with captopril. A significant change was not observed. Total peripheral resistance fell an average of 18.9% (p less than 0.05) in 11 of the 13 patients in whom the measurement could be made. It is concluded that captopril effectively lowers blood pressure in patients with EH or RHV by reducing total peripheral resistance.
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
October 1978,
European journal of pharmacology,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
April 1982,
The Journal of practical nursing,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
February 1981,
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
May 1982,
Israel journal of medical sciences,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
February 1978,
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
March 1983,
Minerva cardioangiologica,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
January 1985,
Arzneimittel-Forschung,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
January 1978,
Progress in cardiovascular diseases,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
April 1979,
Japanese journal of pharmacology,
J M Sullivan, and
B A Ginsburg, and
T E Ratts, and
J G Johnson, and
B R Barton, and
D H Kraus, and
D N McKinstry, and
E E Muirhead
July 1990,
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology,
