Biomaterial Database

Functional and structural properties of the NCKX2 Na(+)-Ca (2+)/K (+) exchanger: a comparison with the NCX1 Na (+)/Ca (2+) exchanger. 2013

Haider F Altimimi, and Robert T Szerencsei, and Paul P M Schnetkamp

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Na(+)/Ca(2+)-K(+) exchangers (NCKX), alongside the more widely known Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchangers (NCX), are important players in the cellular Ca(2+) toolkit. But, unlike NCX, much less is known about the physiological roles of NCKX, while emergent evidence indicates that NCKX has highly specialized functions in cells and tissues where it is expressed. As their name implies, there are functional similarities in the properties of the two Ca(2+) exchanger families, but there are specific differences as well. Here, we compare and contrast their key functional properties of ionic dependence and affinities, as well as report on the effects of KB-R7943 - a compound that is widely used to differentiate the two exchangers. We also review structural similarities and differences between the two exchangers. The aim is to draw attention to key differences that will aid in differentiating the two exchangers in physiological contexts where both exist but perhaps play distinct roles.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000889	Anti-Arrhythmia Agents	Agents used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. They may affect the polarization-repolarization phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibers. Anti-arrhythmia agents are often classed into four main groups according to their mechanism of action: sodium channel blockade, beta-adrenergic blockade, repolarization prolongation, or calcium channel blockade.	Anti-Arrhythmia Agent,Anti-Arrhythmia Drug,Anti-Arrhythmic,Antiarrhythmia Agent,Antiarrhythmia Drug,Antiarrhythmic Drug,Antifibrillatory Agent,Antifibrillatory Agents,Cardiac Depressant,Cardiac Depressants,Myocardial Depressant,Myocardial Depressants,Anti-Arrhythmia Drugs,Anti-Arrhythmics,Antiarrhythmia Agents,Antiarrhythmia Drugs,Antiarrhythmic Drugs,Agent, Anti-Arrhythmia,Agent, Antiarrhythmia,Agent, Antifibrillatory,Agents, Anti-Arrhythmia,Agents, Antiarrhythmia,Agents, Antifibrillatory,Anti Arrhythmia Agent,Anti Arrhythmia Agents,Anti Arrhythmia Drug,Anti Arrhythmia Drugs,Anti Arrhythmic,Anti Arrhythmics,Depressant, Cardiac,Depressant, Myocardial,Depressants, Cardiac,Depressants, Myocardial,Drug, Anti-Arrhythmia,Drug, Antiarrhythmia,Drug, Antiarrhythmic,Drugs, Anti-Arrhythmia,Drugs, Antiarrhythmia,Drugs, Antiarrhythmic
D013329	Structure-Activity Relationship	The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.	Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships
D013890	Thiourea	A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.
D019831	Sodium-Calcium Exchanger	An electrogenic ion exchange protein that maintains a steady level of calcium by removing an amount of calcium equal to that which enters the cells. It is widely distributed in most excitable membranes, including the brain and heart.	Ca(2+)-Na(+) Exchanger,Calcium-Sodium Carrier,Calcium-Sodium Exchanger,Na(+)-Ca(2+) Exchanger,Sodium-Calcium Carrier,Ca(2+)-Na(+) Antiporter,Calcium-Sodium Antiporter,Na(+)-Ca(2+) Antiporter,Sodium-Calcium Antiporter,Antiporter, Calcium-Sodium,Antiporter, Sodium-Calcium,Calcium Sodium Antiporter,Calcium Sodium Carrier,Calcium Sodium Exchanger,Carrier, Calcium-Sodium,Carrier, Sodium-Calcium,Exchanger, Calcium-Sodium,Exchanger, Sodium-Calcium,Sodium Calcium Antiporter,Sodium Calcium Carrier,Sodium Calcium Exchanger
D040681	Structural Homology, Protein	The degree of 3-dimensional shape similarity between proteins. It can be an indication of distant AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and used for rational DRUG DESIGN.	Protein Structural Homology,3-D Homologs, Protein,3-D Homology, Protein,3-Dimensional Homologs, Protein,3-Dimensional Homology, Protein,Homologs, 3-D, Protein,Homologs, 3-Dimensional, Protein,Homologs, Sturctural, Protein,Protein Structural Homologs,Structural Homologs, Protein,3 D Homologs, Protein,3 D Homology, Protein,3 Dimensional Homologs, Protein,3 Dimensional Homology, Protein,3-D Homolog, Protein,3-D Homologies, Protein,3-Dimensional Homolog, Protein,3-Dimensional Homologies, Protein,Homolog, Protein 3-D,Homolog, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homolog, Protein Structural,Homologies, Protein 3-D,Homologies, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homologies, Protein Structural,Homologs, Protein 3-D,Homologs, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homologs, Protein Structural,Homology, Protein 3-D,Homology, Protein 3-Dimensional,Homology, Protein Structural,Protein 3-D Homolog,Protein 3-D Homologies,Protein 3-D Homologs,Protein 3-D Homology,Protein 3-Dimensional Homolog,Protein 3-Dimensional Homologies,Protein 3-Dimensional Homologs,Protein 3-Dimensional Homology,Protein Structural Homolog,Protein Structural Homologies,Structural Homolog, Protein,Structural Homologies, Protein