Biomaterial Database

Toxicity evaluation of chromium picolinate nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro in rat. 2013

Shih-Yi Chen, and Tu-Fa Lien

Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Luh Liau Li, Chiayi, Taiwan, Republic of China.

The toxicity of nanoCrpic is still not understood and needs further investigation. Thus, this study investigated the effect of chromium picolinate nanoparticles (nanoCrpic) on the toxicity in vivo and in vitro in rat. In the in vivo study, 36 rats (Wistar, 8-week-old) were randomly divided into the control group (fed basal diet), the low-dose (300 ppb, μg/kg), and high-dose (1,000 ppb) nanoCrpic groups. The trial was conducted for 2 months; at the final stage of the trial, the rats were sacrificed, liver and kidney were examined, and samples of tissues were taken for histological examination. Hepatocytes isolated from 10-week-old Wistar male rats were used for in vitro study to examine the degree of DNA damage following exposure to 0 and 0.294 mM of H(2)O(2) for 30 min. Incubation medium was supplemented with 0 (control), 100, and 300 ppb nanoCrpic. In vivo study indicated that no lesions of liver or kidney were detected in 300 and 1,000 ppb nanoCrpic fed rats. The in vitro study evaluated DNA damage according to the percentage and distance of the fragments migration and revealed that there was insignificant difference between the nanoCrpic and control groups (p > 0.05). This study indicated that nanoCrpic at 300-1,000 ppb in vivo and at 100-300 ppb in vitro showed no signs of toxicity to rats.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D010316	Particle Size	Relating to the size of solids.	Particle Sizes,Size, Particle,Sizes, Particle
D010848	Picolinic Acids	Compounds with general formula C5H4N(CO2H) derived from PYRIDINE, having a carboxylic acid substituent at the 2-position.	Acids, Picolinic
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D004249	DNA Damage	Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.	DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D006861	Hydrogen Peroxide	A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials.	Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2),Hydroperoxide,Oxydol,Perhydrol,Superoxol,Peroxide, Hydrogen
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia