Effect of white matter hyperintensity on medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. 2013

Jae-Won Jang, and Sangyun Kim, and Hye Yeon Na, and Seha Ahn, and Sang Jin Lee, and Ki-Hyeon Kwak, and Min-A Lee, and Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung, and Byung-Sun Choi, and Young Chul Youn
Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

BACKGROUND Medial temporal atrophy (MTA) is a recognized marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are frequently observed on MRI of AD. The purpose of this study was to understand the role of WMH in MTA. METHODS Subjects were 94 probable AD patients and 51 cognitively normal subjects. WMH was assessed based on the severity of deep WMH (DWMH) and periventricular WMH (PWMH). Each structural volume was evaluated using the Individual Brain Atlases from the Statistical Parametric Mapping Toolbox. RESULTS There were no significant differences between subjects with and without WMH in terms of general cognitive function scales. Subjects with AD with WMH had decreased volume in the bilateral orbital frontal gyrus, frontal rectus gyrus, and olfactory gyrus, but not in the medial temporal lobes. After correcting for differences in DWMH, age and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), AD with PWMH showed decreased volumes in the bilateral hippocampi. AD with PWMH showed worse scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes and Barthel-ADL, and some frontal executive function tests. Those with DWMH did not show any reductions in the medial temporal lobes. CONCLUSIONS WMH in AD is not associated with medial temporal lobe atrophy, but PWMH is independently correlated with hippocampal volume reduction.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008279 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D008297 Male Males
D008609 Mental Status Schedule Standardized clinical interview used to assess current psychopathology by scaling patient responses to the questions.
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009413 Nerve Fibers, Myelinated A class of nerve fibers as defined by their structure, specifically the nerve sheath arrangement. The AXONS of the myelinated nerve fibers are completely encased in a MYELIN SHEATH. They are fibers of relatively large and varied diameters. Their NEURAL CONDUCTION rates are faster than those of the unmyelinated nerve fibers (NERVE FIBERS, UNMYELINATED). Myelinated nerve fibers are present in somatic and autonomic nerves. A Fibers,B Fibers,Fiber, Myelinated Nerve,Fibers, Myelinated Nerve,Myelinated Nerve Fiber,Myelinated Nerve Fibers,Nerve Fiber, Myelinated
D009483 Neuropsychological Tests Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury. Aphasia Tests,Cognitive Test,Cognitive Testing,Cognitive Tests,Memory for Designs Test,Neuropsychological Testing,AX-CPT,Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome,CANTAB,Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery,Clock Test,Cognitive Function Scanner,Continuous Performance Task,Controlled Oral Word Association Test,Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System,Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment,Hooper Visual Organization Test,NEPSY,Neuropsychologic Tests,Neuropsychological Test,Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test,Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status,Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure,Symbol Digit Modalities Test,Test of Everyday Attention,Test, Neuropsychological,Tests, Neuropsychological,Tower of London Test,Neuropsychologic Test,Test, Cognitive,Testing, Cognitive,Testing, Neuropsychological,Tests, Cognitive
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D000369 Aged, 80 and over Persons 80 years of age and older. Oldest Old

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