Biomaterial Database

Lysis of human promyelocytic HL-60 cells by amphotericin B in combination with 2-chloroethyl-1-nitrosoureas: role of the carbamoylating activity of nitrosoureas. 1990

J Brajtburg, and S Elberg, and K B Schechtman, and G Medoff

Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.

The combinations of amphotericin B (AmB) with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) or 2-cyclohexyl isocyanate, the carbamoylating decomposition product of CCNU, were more potent in lysing HL-60 cells than the combinations of AmB with 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or 2-chloroethyl isocyanate, the carbamoylating decomposition product of BCNU. The noncarbamoylating nitrosoureas 1-(2-chlorethyl)-3-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperydyl)-1-nitrosourea and 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-D-glucopyranose did not alter AmB effects on HL-60 cells. These results indicate that the potentiating action of CCNU and BCNU on the lytic effects of AmB is associated with the carbamoylating activity of these nitrosoureas. It is likely that the greater carbamoylating activity of CCNU, compared to BCNU, is responsible for the differences in potency of the two AmB-drug combinations.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007770	L-Lactate Dehydrogenase	A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.	Lactate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, L-Lactate,Dehydrogenase, Lactate,L Lactate Dehydrogenase
D008130	Lomustine	An alkylating agent of value against both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.	CCNU,Belustine,Cecenu,CeeNU,NSC-79037,NSC 79037,NSC79037
D009607	Nitrosourea Compounds	A class of compounds in which the core molecule is R-NO, where R is UREA.	Compounds, Nitrosourea
D002330	Carmustine	A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	BCNU,1,3-Bis(2-Chloroethyl)-1-Nitrosourea,BiCNU,FIVB,N,N'-Bis(2-Chloroethyl)-N-Nitrosourea,Nitrumon
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D004359	Drug Therapy, Combination	Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect.	Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D005978	Glutathione	A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.	Reduced Glutathione,gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly,gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine,Glutathione, Reduced,gamma L Glu L Cys Gly,gamma L Glutamyl L Cysteinylglycine
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000666	Amphotericin B	Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.	Amphocil,Amphotericin,Amphotericin B Cholesterol Dispersion,Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion,Fungizone
D015473	Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute	An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.	Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, M3,Leukemia, Progranulocytic,Myeloid Leukemia, Acute, M3,Progranulocytic Leukemia,Promyelocytic Leukemia, Acute,AML M3,Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia,Leukemia, Acute Promyelocytic,M3 ANLL,ANLL, M3,Acute Promyelocytic Leukemias