Biomaterial Database

The role of osteocytes in bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. 2013

T Matsumoto, and T Iimura, and K Ogura, and K Moriyama, and A Yamaguchi

Section of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.

We investigated the roles of osteocytes in osteoclastic bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement using the transgenic mice in which osteocytes can be specifically ablated. Because these transgenic mice express the receptor for diphtheria toxin on the cell surfaces of osteocytes, the injection of diphtheria toxin can ablate their osteocytes in vivo. Injection of diphtheria toxin into the transgenic mice significantly increased the number of ablated osteocytes in alveolar bone compared with that in wild-type mice with or without diphtheria toxin injection. Increased numbers of ablated osteocytes were observed from day 4 to day 12 after the injection in alveolar bones as well as in cortical bone of the tibiae. We applied the orthodontic force 4 days after the injection of diphtheria toxin, and the distance of tooth movement on day 12 was significantly smaller in transgenic mice than that in control mice. The numbers of osteoclasts and the quantity of eroded bone surface at the compression site were significantly reduced in the transgenic mice injected with diphtheria toxin than in control mice. These results provide in vivo demonstration of osteocyte involvement in osteoclastic bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D008822	Mice, Transgenic	Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.	Transgenic Mice,Founder Mice, Transgenic,Mouse, Founder, Transgenic,Mouse, Transgenic,Mice, Transgenic Founder,Transgenic Founder Mice,Transgenic Mouse
D010010	Osteoclasts	A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.	Odontoclasts,Cementoclast,Cementoclasts,Odontoclast,Osteoclast
D010011	Osteocytes	Mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the BONE MATRIX. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi.	Osteocyte
D001862	Bone Resorption	Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.	Bone Loss, Osteoclastic,Osteoclastic Bone Loss,Bone Losses, Osteoclastic,Bone Resorptions,Loss, Osteoclastic Bone,Losses, Osteoclastic Bone,Osteoclastic Bone Losses,Resorption, Bone,Resorptions, Bone
D002450	Cell Communication	Any of several ways in which living cells of an organism communicate with one another, whether by direct contact between cells or by means of chemical signals carried by neurotransmitter substances, hormones, and cyclic AMP.	Cell Interaction,Cell-to-Cell Interaction,Cell Communications,Cell Interactions,Cell to Cell Interaction,Cell-to-Cell Interactions,Communication, Cell,Communications, Cell,Interaction, Cell,Interaction, Cell-to-Cell,Interactions, Cell,Interactions, Cell-to-Cell
D000539	Alveolar Process	The thickest and spongiest part of the maxilla and mandible hollowed out into deep cavities for the teeth.	Alveolar Ridge,Alveolar Processes,Process, Alveolar,Processes, Alveolar,Ridge, Alveolar
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013314	Stress, Mechanical	A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area.	Mechanical Stress,Mechanical Stresses,Stresses, Mechanical