Detection of generalized tonic-clonic seizures by a wireless wrist accelerometer: a prospective, multicenter study. 2013

Sándor Beniczky, and Tilman Polster, and Troels W Kjaer, and Helle Hjalgrim
Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.

Our objective was to assess the clinical reliability of a wrist-worn, wireless accelerometer sensor for detecting generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS). Seventy-three consecutive patients (age 6-68 years; median 37 years) at risk of having GTCS and who were admitted to the long-term video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring unit (LTM) were recruited in three centers. The reference standard was considered the seizure time points identified by experienced clinical neurophysiologists, based on the video-EEG recordings and blinded to the accelerometer sensor data. Seizure time points detected real-time by the sensor were compared with the reference standard. Patients were monitored for 17-171 h (mean 66.8; total 4,878). Thirty-nine GTCS were recorded in 20 patients. The device detected 35 seizures (89.7%). In 16 patients all seizures were detected. In three patients more than two thirds of the seizures were detected. The mean of the sensitivity calculated for each patient was 91%. The mean detection latency measured from the start of the focal seizure preceding the secondarily GTCS was 55 s (95% confidence interval [CI] 38-73 s). The rate of false alarms was 0.2/day. Our results suggest that the wireless wrist accelerometer sensor detects GTCS with high sensitivity and specificity. Patients with GTCS have an increased risk for injuries related to seizures and for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), and many nocturnal seizures remain undetected in unattended patients. A portable automatic seizure detection device will be an important tool for helping these patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D003199 Computer Systems Systems composed of a computer or computers, peripheral equipment, such as disks, printers, and terminals, and telecommunications capabilities. Computer Architecture,Computer System,Computer Systems Development,Computer Systems Evaluation,Computer Systems Organization,Real Time System,Real-Time Systems,Organization, Computer Systems,Architecture, Computer,Architectures, Computer,Computer Architectures,Computer Systems Evaluations,Development, Computer Systems,Evaluation, Computer Systems,Evaluations, Computer Systems,Real Time Systems,Real-Time System,System, Computer,System, Real Time,System, Real-Time,Systems, Computer,Systems, Real Time,Systems, Real-Time,Time System, Real,Time Systems, Real
D004569 Electroencephalography Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain. EEG,Electroencephalogram,Electroencephalograms
D004830 Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329) Epilepsy, Grand Mal,Epilepsy, Major,Grand Mal Seizure Disorder,Major Motor Seizure Disorder,Seizure Disorder, Tonic Clonic,Convulsions, Grand Mal,Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy,Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic, Cryptogenic,Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic, Familial,Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic, Symptomatic,Familial Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder, Grand Mal,Seizure Disorder, Major Motor,Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy,Tonic Clonic Convulsions,Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Disorder,Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Syndrome,Tonic-Clonic Seizure Disorder,Tonic-Clonic Seizure Syndrome,Convulsion Disorder, Tonic-Clonic,Convulsion Disorders, Tonic-Clonic,Convulsion Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic,Convulsion Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic,Convulsion, Grand Mal,Convulsion, Tonic Clonic,Convulsions, Tonic Clonic,Cryptogenic Tonic Clonic Epilepsy,Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies,Disorder, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion,Disorder, Tonic-Clonic Seizure,Disorders, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion,Disorders, Tonic-Clonic Seizure,Epilepsies, Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsies, Familial Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsies, Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsies, Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsy, Cryptogenic Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsy, Familial Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsy, Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic,Epilepsy, Tonic Clonic,Familial Tonic Clonic Epilepsy,Familial Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies,Grand Mal Convulsion,Grand Mal Convulsions,Grand Mal Epilepsy,Major Epilepsies,Major Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder, Tonic-Clonic,Seizure Disorders, Tonic-Clonic,Seizure Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic,Seizure Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic,Symptomatic Tonic Clonic Epilepsy,Symptomatic Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies,Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion,Syndrome, Tonic-Clonic Seizure,Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic Convulsion,Syndromes, Tonic-Clonic Seizure,Tonic Clonic Convulsion,Tonic Clonic Convulsion Disorder,Tonic Clonic Convulsion Syndrome,Tonic Clonic Seizure Disorder,Tonic Clonic Seizure Syndrome,Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Disorders,Tonic-Clonic Convulsion Syndromes,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies, Cryptogenic,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies, Familial,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsies, Symptomatic,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy, Cryptogenic,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy, Familial,Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy, Symptomatic,Tonic-Clonic Seizure Disorders,Tonic-Clonic Seizure Syndromes
D005189 False Positive Reactions Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) False Positive Reaction,Positive Reaction, False,Positive Reactions, False,Reaction, False Positive,Reactions, False Positive
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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