Biomaterial Database

Toxicity and repellency of compounds from clove (Syzygium aromaticum) to red imported fire ants Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 2013

Lekhnath Kafle, and Cheng Jen Shih

National Taiwan University, Department of Entomology, Chong-Fei building, Room no. 308, 3F, no. 86, Joushan Road Taipei 106, Taipei, Taiwan.

The toxicity and repellency of the bioactive chemicals of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) powder, eugenol, eugenol acetate, and beta-caryophyllene were evaluated against workers of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. Clove powder applied at 3 and 12 mg/cm2 provided 100% ant mortality within 6 h, and repelled 99% within 3 h. Eugenol was the fastest acting compound against red imported fire ant compared with eugenol acetate, beta-caryophyllene, and clove oil. The LT50 values inclined exponentially with the increase in the application rate of the chemical compounds tested. However, repellency did not increase with the increase in the application rate of the chemical compounds tested, but did with the increase in exposure time. Eugenol, eugenol acetate, as well as beta-caryophyllene and clove oil may provide another tool for red imported fire ant integrated pest management, particularly in situations where conventional insecticides are inappropriate.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007300	Insect Control	The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous insects through chemical, biological, or other means.	Control, Insect
D007302	Insect Repellents	Substances causing insects to turn away from them or reject them as food.	Insect Repellent,Repellent, Insect,Repellents, Insect
D007306	Insecticides	Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics.	Insecticide
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001000	Ants	Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)	Ant
D027842	Syzygium	A plant genus in the family Myrtaceae. It is known for cloves, which is the flower bud of Syzygium aromaticum and is the source of an oil rich in EUGENOL.	Caryophyllus,Clove,Caryophyllus aromaticus,Cleistocalyx,Eugenia aromatica,Eugenia caryophyllata,Eugenia cumini,Eugenia jambolana,Eugenia jambos,Eugenia malaccensis,Eugenia sandwicensis,Jambolan Plum Tree,Java Plum Tree,Syzygium aromaticum,Syzygium cumini,Syzygium jambolanum,Syzygium jambos,Syzygium malaccense,Syzygium sandwicense,Cloves,Jambolan Plum Trees,Java Plum Trees,Plum Tree, Jambolan,Plum Tree, Java,Plum Trees, Jambolan,Plum Trees, Java,Tree, Jambolan Plum,Tree, Java Plum,Trees, Jambolan Plum,Trees, Java Plum