Chromium (VI) induced acute toxicity and genotoxicity in freshwater stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. 2013

M K Ahmed, and G K Kundu, and M H Al-Mamun, and S K Sarkar, and M S Akter, and M S Khan
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. kawser@univdhaka.edu

Acute toxicity and genotoxicity of Chromium(VI) as K2Cr2O7 were evaluated in freshwater stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Fish showed behavioral alterations after K2Cr2O7 exposure and 96h-LC50 was 35.724mg/L in semi-static bioassay. Fish were exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations (concentration I=1/4th of 96h-LC50, concentration II=1/10th of 96h-LC50 and concentration III=environmental concentration of Cr reported in the river Buriganga). Blood, liver and gill samples were collected after 48h, 96h and 192h. Micronucleus (MN) assay was conducted in blood erythrocytes and DNA damage was evaluated by comet assay in whole blood, gill and liver tissues. Cr(VI) significantly (p<0.05) induced MN frequency and tail DNA (percent) which increased in a concentration depended manner in all types of tissues. Frequency of MN and tail DNA (percent) increased after 48 and 96h of exposure which decreased after 192h of exposure. The liver was the most sensitive to chromium (VI) exposure among the tissues with highest tail DNA (33.70±0.68 percent) at 9.0mg/L after 96h. This study found MN and comet assays in combination as an adequate approach for ecotoxicological monitoring and Cr(VI) as potential genotoxic agent.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D009153 Mutagens Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. Clastogen,Clastogens,Genotoxin,Genotoxins,Mutagen
D002397 Catfishes Common name of the order Siluriformes. This order contains many families and over 2,000 species, including venomous species. Heteropneustes and Plotosus genera have dangerous stings and are aggressive. Most species are passive stingers. Eremophilus mutisii,Heteropneustes,Plotosus,Siluriformes,Arius,Catfish,Colombian Catfish,Catfish, Colombian
D002857 Chromium A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.
D004249 DNA Damage Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS. DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D004912 Erythrocytes Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN. Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D005618 Fresh Water Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES. Freshwater,Fresh Waters,Freshwaters,Water, Fresh,Waters, Fresh
D005880 Gills Paired respiratory organs of fishes and some amphibians that are analogous to lungs. They are richly supplied with blood vessels by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged directly with the environment. Gill
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014874 Water Pollutants, Chemical Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water. Chemical Water Pollutants,Landfill Leachate,Leachate, Landfill,Pollutants, Chemical Water

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