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Identification of proctolin in the central nervous system of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. 1990

J R Groome, and E K Tillinghast, and M A Townley, and A Vetrovs, and W H Watson, and D F Hunt, and P R Griffin, and J E Alexander, and J Shabanowitz
Zoology Department, University of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824.

A proctolin-like peptide was isolated from the prosomal CNS of the chelicerate arthropod, Limulus, and purified using size exclusion, ion exchange and high performance liquid chromatography. Coincident bioassay (cockroach hindgut) and radioimmunoassay were employed to identify fractions which contained proctolin-like material. Proctolin-like activity coeluted with synthetic proctolin with all three chromatographic techniques employed. When applied to either the Limulus heart or hindgut preparations, purified Limulus proctolin produced excitatory responses which were indistinguishable from those produced by the synthetic peptide. Purified samples of the Limulus proctolin-like peptide were subjected to Edman degradation and tandem mass spectrometry and the amino acid sequence of the Limulus peptide was determined to be identical to that of cockroach proctolin (H-Arg-Tyr-Leu-Pro-Thr-OH). The presence of proctolin in the Limulus CNS and its biological action on the isolated heart and hindgut suggest a physiological role for this peptide in the regulation of cardiac output and hindgut motility.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007413 Intestinal Mucosa Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI. Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D008297 Male Males
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009206 Myocardium The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow. Muscle, Cardiac,Muscle, Heart,Cardiac Muscle,Myocardia,Cardiac Muscles,Heart Muscle,Heart Muscles,Muscles, Cardiac,Muscles, Heart
D009479 Neuropeptides Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones released by non-neuronal cells. Neuropeptide
D009842 Oligopeptides Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids. Oligopeptide
D011863 Radioimmunoassay Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation. Radioimmunoassays
D002490 Central Nervous System The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. Cerebrospinal Axis,Axi, Cerebrospinal,Axis, Cerebrospinal,Central Nervous Systems,Cerebrospinal Axi,Nervous System, Central,Nervous Systems, Central,Systems, Central Nervous
D002845 Chromatography Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts. Chromatographies
D003058 Cockroaches Insects of the order Dictyoptera comprising several families including Blaberidae, BLATTELLIDAE, Blattidae (containing the American cockroach PERIPLANETA americana), Cryptocercidae, and Polyphagidae. Blaberidae,Blattaria,Blattidae,Blattodea,Cryptocercidae,Dictyoptera,Polyphagidae,Cockroach,Blattarias,Blattodeas,Cockroache,Cockroachs,Dictyopteras

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