BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement: a dental awakening for patients with epilepsy. 2013

Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Drug-induced gingival enlargement is the term now used to describe medication-related gingival hypertrophy or hyperplasia, a condition commonly induced by three main classes of drugs: anticonvulsants, antihypertensive calcium channel blockers and the immunosuppressant cyclosporine. The pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival enlargement is uncertain and there appears to be no unifying hypothesis that links together the three commonly implicated drugs. Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth is a well known and frequently reported gingival lesion, which was first detected in 1939. This case report consists of phenytoin usage, duration and poor oral hygiene.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D010672 Phenytoin An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs. Diphenylhydantoin,Fenitoin,Phenhydan,5,5-Diphenylhydantoin,5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,Antisacer,Difenin,Dihydan,Dilantin,Epamin,Epanutin,Hydantol,Phenytoin Sodium,Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate,Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
D004827 Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) Aura,Awakening Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder,Epilepsy, Cryptogenic,Auras,Cryptogenic Epilepsies,Cryptogenic Epilepsy,Epilepsies,Epilepsies, Cryptogenic,Epilepsy, Awakening,Seizure Disorders
D005885 Gingival Hyperplasia Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p400) Gingival Hyperplasias,Hyperplasia, Gingival,Hyperplasias, Gingival
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000927 Anticonvulsants Drugs used to prevent SEIZURES or reduce their severity. Anticonvulsant,Anticonvulsant Drug,Anticonvulsive Agent,Anticonvulsive Drug,Antiepileptic,Antiepileptic Agent,Antiepileptic Agents,Antiepileptic Drug,Anticonvulsant Drugs,Anticonvulsive Agents,Anticonvulsive Drugs,Antiepileptic Drugs,Antiepileptics,Agent, Anticonvulsive,Agent, Antiepileptic,Agents, Anticonvulsive,Agents, Antiepileptic,Drug, Anticonvulsant,Drug, Anticonvulsive,Drug, Antiepileptic,Drugs, Anticonvulsant,Drugs, Anticonvulsive,Drugs, Antiepileptic

Related Publications

Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement.
May 2014, BMJ case reports,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Factors influencing phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement.
July 2000, Journal of clinical periodontology,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Severe phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement associated with periodontitis.
January 2008, General dentistry,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Cholesterol--a factor in phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement?
January 1987, Annals of dentistry,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Management of phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement: a case report.
January 2013, General dentistry,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth in un-cooperated epilepsy patients.
April 2004, Yonsei medical journal,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Expression of growth factors in the gingival crevice fluid of patients with phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement.
November 2004, Archives of oral biology,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Drug induced gingival enlargement - phenytoin: an overview and case report.
May 2024, Journal of surgical case reports,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Successful management of phenytoin and phenobarbitone induced gingival enlargement: A multimodal approach.
April 2014, Contemporary clinical dentistry,
Ravi Prakah Sasankoti Mohan, and Khushboo Rastogi, and Rajarshi Bhushan, and Sankalp Verma
Cytochrome P450 2C9 gene polymorphism in phenytoin induced gingival enlargement: A case report.
July 2013, Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences,
Copied contents to your clipboard!