OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses in the Republic of Korea during 2009. METHODS A national patient sample (n=599 186) was obtained from Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service data and analyzed to estimate the incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses among Korean women in 2009. RESULTS There were 587 Bartholin duct cysts and 757 Bartholin duct abscesses during 2009. The total incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses was 0.55 per 1000 person-years and 0.95 per 1000 person-years, respectively. In women aged 35-50 years, the incidence was 1.21 per 1000 person-years and 1.87 per 1000 person-years, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses was associated with age (P<0.01), but not with season or socioeconomic status, among women aged 15-50 years. The main operation performed was marsupialization (45.2%) for Bartholin duct cysts and incision (71.5%) for Bartholin duct abscesses. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of Bartholin duct cysts and abscesses increased with age until menopause, decreasing thereafter.