To distribute microwaves over fibers, optical single-sideband (SSB) modulation signals are preferred to optical double-sideband (DSB) modulation signals. This study investigates an optically injected semiconductor laser at period-one nonlinear dynamics for optical DSB-to-SSB conversion. For the operating microwave frequencies up to 40 GHz investigated in this study, the proposed system regenerates or even enhances the microwave features of an optical DSB input while converting its optical feature into SSB with an intensity difference of at least 20 dB. The bit-error ratio at 622 Mb/s is down to 10(-9) with a sensitivity improvement of up to 3 dB. The proposed system can be self-adapted to certain changes in the operating microwave frequency and can operate stably under certain fluctuations in the input optical power and frequency.