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Low-bias active control of terahertz waves by coupling large-area CVD graphene to a terahertz metamaterial. 2013

Federico Valmorra, and Giacomo Scalari, and Curdin Maissen, and Wangyang Fu, and Christian Schönenberger, and Jong Won Choi, and Hyung Gyu Park, and Mattias Beck, and Jérôme Faist
Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich , Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

We propose an hybrid graphene/metamaterial device based on terahertz electronic split-ring resonators directly evaporated on top of a large-area single-layer CVD graphene. Room temperature time-domain spectroscopy measurements in the frequency range from 250 GHz to 2.75 THz show that the presence of the graphene strongly changes the THz metamaterial transmittance on the whole frequency range. The graphene gating allows active control of such interaction, showing a modulation depth of 11.5% with an applied bias of 10.6 V. Analytical modeling of the device provides a very good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the measured device behavior. The presented system shows potential as a THz modulator and can be relevant for strong light-matter coupling experiments.

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