Accuracy and reproducibility of a novel dynamic volume flow measurement method. 2013

Stefano Ricci, and Magnus Cinthio, and Asa Rydén Ahlgren, and Piero Tortoli
Information Engineering Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. stefano.ricci@unifi.it

In clinical practice, blood volume flow (BVF) is typically calculated assuming a perfect parabolic and axisymmetric velocity distribution. This simple approach cannot account for the complex flow configurations that are produced by vessel curvatures, pulsatility and diameter changes and, therefore, results in a poor estimation. Application of the Womersley model allows compensation for the flow distortion caused by pulsatility and, with some adjustment, the effects of slight curvatures, but several problems remain unanswered. Two- and three-dimensional approaches can acquire the actual velocity field over the whole vessel section, but are typically affected by a limited temporal resolution. The multigate technique allows acquisition of the actual velocity profile over a line intersecting the vessel lumen and, when coupled with a suitable wall-tracking method, can offer the ideal trade-off among attainable accuracy, temporal resolution and required calculation power. In this article, we describe a BVF measurement method based on the multigate spectral Doppler and a B-mode edge detector algorithm for wall-position tracking. The method has been extensively tested on the research platform ULA-OP, with more than 1700 phantom measurements at flow rates between 60 and 750 mL/min, steering angles between 10 ° and 22 ° and constant, sinusoidal or pulsed flow trends. In the averaged BVF measurement, we found an underestimation of about -5% and a coefficient of variability (CV) less than 6%. In instantaneous measurements (e.g., systolic peak) the CV was in the range 2%-8.5%. These results were confirmed by a preliminary test on the common carotid artery of 10 volunteers (CV = 2%-11%).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007089 Image Enhancement Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level. Image Quality Enhancement,Enhancement, Image,Enhancement, Image Quality,Enhancements, Image,Enhancements, Image Quality,Image Enhancements,Image Quality Enhancements,Quality Enhancement, Image,Quality Enhancements, Image
D007090 Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease. Image Interpretation, Computer Assisted,Computer-Assisted Image Interpretation,Computer-Assisted Image Interpretations,Image Interpretations, Computer-Assisted,Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Image,Interpretations, Computer-Assisted Image
D001783 Blood Flow Velocity A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed. Blood Flow Velocities,Flow Velocities, Blood,Flow Velocity, Blood,Velocities, Blood Flow,Velocity, Blood Flow
D001810 Blood Volume Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME. Blood Volumes,Volume, Blood,Volumes, Blood
D001811 Blood Volume Determination Method for determining the circulating blood volume by introducing a known quantity of foreign substance into the blood and determining its concentration some minutes later when thorough mixing has occurred. From these two values the blood volume can be calculated by dividing the quantity of injected material by its concentration in the blood at the time of uniform mixing. Generally expressed as cubic centimeters or liters per kilogram of body weight. Blood Volume Determinations,Determination, Blood Volume,Determinations, Blood Volume,Volume Determination, Blood,Volume Determinations, Blood
D002339 Carotid Arteries Either of the two principal arteries on both sides of the neck that supply blood to the head and neck; each divides into two branches, the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery. Arteries, Carotid,Artery, Carotid,Carotid Artery
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000465 Algorithms A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. Algorithm
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D015203 Reproducibility of Results The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results. Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face

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