BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Brain areas and pathways in the regulation of glucose metabolism. 2013

Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Glucose is the most important source of fuel for the brain and its concentration must be kept within strict boundaries to ensure the organism's optimal fitness. To maintain glucose homeostasis, an optimal balance between glucose uptake and glucose output is required. Besides managing acute changes in plasma glucose concentrations, the brain controls a daily rhythm in glucose concentrations. The various nuclei within the hypothalamus that are involved in the control of both these processes are well known. However, novel studies indicate an additional role for brain areas that are originally appreciated in other processes than glucose metabolism. Therefore, besides the classic hypothalamic pathways, we will review cortico-limbic brain areas and their role in glucose metabolism.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007031 Hypothalamus Ventral part of the DIENCEPHALON extending from the region of the OPTIC CHIASM to the caudal border of the MAMMILLARY BODIES and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the THIRD VENTRICLE. Lamina Terminalis,Preoptico-Hypothalamic Area,Area, Preoptico-Hypothalamic,Areas, Preoptico-Hypothalamic,Preoptico Hypothalamic Area,Preoptico-Hypothalamic Areas
D007328 Insulin A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D001786 Blood Glucose Glucose in blood. Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002540 Cerebral Cortex The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions. Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D005947 Glucose A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015398 Signal Transduction The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal
D050260 Carbohydrate Metabolism Cellular processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of CARBOHYDRATES. Metabolism, Carbohydrate

Related Publications

Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Vagal pathways for systemic regulation of glucose metabolism.
March 2024, Seminars in cell & developmental biology,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Alternative pathways of glucose metabolism in fetal rat brain.
November 1967, Biochimica et biophysica acta,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Alternative pathways of glucose metabolism in developing chick brain.
September 1964, Experientia,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Gut-brain axis: regulation of glucose metabolism.
December 2006, Journal of neuroendocrinology,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Exenatide Regulates Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Brain Areas Associated With Glucose Homeostasis and Reward System.
October 2015, Diabetes,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Effect of starvation on glycogen and glucose metabolism in different areas of the rat brain.
September 1992, Brain research,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis by glucose metabolism in rat brain.
November 1997, Molecular and cellular biochemistry,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
[Pasteur-effect in regulation of glucose metabolism in the damaged human brain].
November 1977, Die Medizinische Welt,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
Regulation of glucose metabolism in oral streptococci through independent pathways of glucose 6-phosphate and glucose 1-phosphate formation.
February 1984, Journal of bacteriology,
Charlene Diepenbroek, and Mireille J Serlie, and Eric Fliers, and Andries Kalsbeek, and Susanne E la Fleur
PATHWAYS OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM IN THE LENS.
August 1965, Investigative ophthalmology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!