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The percutaneous absorption of phenolic compounds: the effect of vehicles on the penetration of phenol. 1975

M S Roberts, and R A Anderson

The effects of interactions between drug and skin, drug and vehicle, and vehicle and skin on the overall penetration rate of a drug through the skin may be evaluated by comparison of penetration rates through excised skin and an inert reference membrane such as polyethylene. Dimethyl sulphoxide, dimethyl formamide, ethanol and water increase the permeability of the skin but because of reduced thermodynamic activities in the vehicles low penetration rates are observed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008567 Membranes, Artificial Artificially produced membranes, such as semipermeable membranes used in artificial kidney dialysis (RENAL DIALYSIS), monomolecular and bimolecular membranes used as models to simulate biological CELL MEMBRANES. These membranes are also used in the process of GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION. Artificial Membranes,Artificial Membrane,Membrane, Artificial
D009821 Oils Unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or easily liquefiable on warming, and are soluble in ether but insoluble in water. Such substances, depending on their origin, are classified as animal, mineral, or vegetable oils. Depending on their behavior on heating, they are volatile or fixed. (Dorland, 28th ed)
D010636 Phenols Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
D002463 Cell Membrane Permeability A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells. Permeability, Cell Membrane
D005559 Formamides A group of amides with the general formula of R-CONH2.
D005990 Glycerol A trihydroxy sugar alcohol that is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, or sweetening agent. 1,2,3-Propanetriol,Glycerin,1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane,Glycerine
D000431 Ethanol A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. Alcohol, Ethyl,Absolute Alcohol,Grain Alcohol,Alcohol, Absolute,Alcohol, Grain,Ethyl Alcohol
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001702 Biopharmaceutics The study of the physical and chemical properties of a drug and its dosage form as related to the onset, duration, and intensity of its action. Pharmaceutics,Pharmaceutic

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